14 essential insights before visiting Kenya

When you think of Kenya, vivid images of safari vehicles and stunning beaches along the Indian Ocean come to mind.

However, the remarkable adventures go beyond Kenya's breathtaking nature – Nairobi is brimming with vibrant urban and cultural experiences as well.

Here’s everything you need to know to enhance your journey through this East African gem, from appropriate attire and cultural practices to safety tips and visa information.

1. Verify the visa regulations for Kenya

Many travelers need to secure a visa before heading to Kenya. Visit the official visa website and allow sufficient time for your application. Random checks may lead to additional questions for some individuals, even after they’ve submitted and paid for their visa. You won't receive an email confirmation regarding your Kenya visa application or payment, so it's important to log in and monitor its status. Once approved, print out a colored copy (or two) of both the visa and payment receipt, and keep them handy, even for domestic flights like those between Nairobi and Mombasa.

The encouraging news for African citizens is that visas for Kenya will soon be a thing of the past. Kenyan President William Ruto has recently announced that visa requirements will be lifted for all African nations by the end of 2023.

There is no longer a need to provide proof of a COVID-19 vaccination or a negative PCR test to enter Kenya. However, travelers showing flu-like symptoms will need to undergo a PCR test and complete a passenger locator form.

2. Pack wisely for Kenya – it’s not always warm

Early morning safaris can be quite cool, so layering is advisable for your trip to Kenya. Additionally, temperatures can drop at night in the highlands, making fleeces and even windproof waterproof jackets a smart choice.

Conversely, staying cool is essential along the coast or in urban areas. Opt for lightweight, breathable fabrics and ensure you protect yourself from the midday sun.

3. Leave your plastics behind

Kenya implemented a ban on single-use plastic bags in 2017, so it’s best to avoid bringing any carrier bags (and ideally single-use plastic water bottles and straws) with you. This bag ban is enforced nationwide – luggage is frequently scanned, so avoid packing shoes or other items in plastic bags.

Single-use plastic bottles and straws are prohibited in national parks – remember to bring a reusable water bottle from home.

4. Should you take malaria tablets for Kenya? Likely yes.

While the risk of malaria is low in Nairobi and in the highlands above 2500m (8200ft), it’s still important to prevent mosquito bites. Much of Kenya is in a malarial zone, so consult on the most suitable antimalarial for you, such as atovaquone/proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine.

You may recognize brand names like Malarone and Lariam, but it’s wise to check with your doctor, pharmacist, or travel clinic. Ideally, do this at least a month before your trip, as you might need to start the medication before you travel.

5. Use greetings like “mambo” or “niaje” to engage with locals

The greeting “Jambo” is widely recognized in this incredibly welcoming country, but if you want to impress with your sheng (a blend of Swahili and English popular among Nairobi’s youth), try saying “mambo vipi.” A typical response would be “poa.” You can also greet with “niaje,” and expect the same reply in return.

6. Bargaining is encouraged, but know your limits

Having a sense of humor is key when it comes to bargaining. It’s perfectly acceptable to propose a lower price at markets and certain shops, as many vendors will begin with inflated prices, making the back-and-forth negotiation enjoyable.

Most sellers will likely reject offers that are excessively low, so enjoy the process—just keep in mind your budget, remain respectful, and avoid excessive haggling.

7. Tipping is greatly appreciated

While tipping isn't mandatory in Kenya, it is appreciated if you enjoy a meal or service, typically around 10%. You can also tip hotel staff such as porters and housekeepers, with daily tips ranging from Ksh100 to Ksh200 or a lump sum at the end of your stay. It's handy to carry small change for tips and market purchases.

When taking a taxi, it's customary to round up to the nearest Ksh100, though tipping isn’t always required. Many people use taxi apps, which allow you to add a tip at the end of your ride. Avoid offering cash for special treatment.

8. Show consideration for local communities

Always ask for permission before photographing individuals, especially in rural areas and Mombasa. If you plan to share any images, including on social media, it's courteous to carry a consent form and express gratitude by saying “asante.” Be especially mindful around children or vulnerable individuals. If permission is granted to take a photo, show it to them afterward. Consider whether visiting certain places, like schools, would be appropriate, similar to standards in your home country.

Additionally, be aware that taking pictures of infrastructure, airports, and military sites may raise suspicions.

9. Dress suitably – but don't overthink it

Kenya maintains a moderately conservative culture, but it’s not necessary to cover your shoulders and knees everywhere. In Nairobi, towns, and on safari, wearing shorts, dresses, and sleeveless tops is generally acceptable, as are most beach resorts, though swimwear is not suitable for walking around.

In Muslim areas like Lamu Town, it's advisable to dress more conservatively. Loose-fitting clothing can be more comfortable in the heat.

10. Don’t hurry – embrace the rhythm

It’s inaccurate to say that all of Kenya runs on a slower ‘Kenya time’ – Nairobi can match the pace of any bustling city. However, the heat and humidity in coastal regions like Mombasa, Malindi, and Lamu often call for a more laid-back lifestyle.

Keep this in mind when expecting tasks and services to be done quickly; instead, embrace the flow and relish a ‘pole pole’ (“slowly” in Swahili) approach to life.

11. You can boil tap water in Kenya to make it safe to drink

Tap water in Kenya is safe to use. If you can, boil it – it’s soft and sweet – and let it cool before drinking.

Of course, boiling may not always be feasible. In that case, filtered water at restaurants and hotels is safe. While plastic bottled water is available, it’s more environmentally friendly to use your own reusable bottle along with a water filter or purification tablets.

12. Don’t forget to bring a power bank

Power outages can happen in Kenya (usually briefly), so if you depend on your smartphone, carry a power bank and keep it charged. Also, bring an extra battery for your camera if you’re going on safari, and a reliable flashlight can be useful during outages and for navigating around the safari camp at night.

In addition to aiding your navigation in dim light, a flashlight will help you watch for insects and snakes. Headlamps are particularly useful at campsites for reading and nighttime trips to the bathroom.

13. Don’t let scary headlines deter you, but be aware of your surroundings

People frequently ask, 'Is Kenya safe for tourists?' Incidents involving tourists are rare, particularly in game reserves and tourist hotspots, but there are certain areas that are best to steer clear of.

These areas include, but are not limited to, within 60km (37 miles) of the Kenya-Somalia border, Garissa County, and Lamu County (excluding Lamu Island and Manda Island—it's best to travel by air if you plan to visit).

Before traveling, always check the latest guidelines from your government. In Nairobi, like in any major city, be sure to keep your valuables secure and stay alert.

14. Keep the contact information of your embassy or consulate handy

No matter where you’re from, it's wise to have your embassy or consulate's contact details. Take pictures of your passport, visa, and other important documents so you can easily access them on your phone or email.

If possible, carry a physical form of ID. A driver's license can be handy if you prefer not to carry your passport daily.