8 must-do activities in Cairo
A trip to Egypt is often on many bucket lists.
Whether you seek rich history or a laid-back beach getaway, Egypt has it all, with Cairo, the city that never sleeps, at the heart of the experience. It's a lively place filled with countless attractions to keep you busy.
Use this guide to plan your Cairo adventures and make sure to set aside at least five days to truly immerse yourself in the experience.
1. Sail the Nile like the ancient pharaohs
The Nile has served as Egypt's lifeblood since ancient times, stretching 6,600 km (4,100 miles) and connecting nearly all Egyptian cities. A Nile cruise is an essential experience, especially if you sail in a felucca, a traditional wooden Egyptian boat. Departing around sunset provides the most relaxing ambiance. Some boats offer dining options, or you can bring your own picnic to enjoy on the water.
2. Dine like a local
Egyptians take great pleasure in their food, making this country a culinary haven. In Cairo, there are several dishes you simply must try. One is fuul medames, a popular breakfast made from fava beans simmered with tahini and seasoned with garlic, cumin, and lemon. This dish has been a staple since the 4th century when beans were slow-cooked over embers.
Another must-try is kushari, often referred to as the national dish. Typically, it consists of rice, lentils, macaroni, chickpeas, fried onions, and a spicy tomato sauce. For the best kushari in Cairo, head to Abou Tarek, though Koshary El Tahrir (7 Abbas El Akkad St) is also a popular choice.
If you're looking for more dining options, Khufu’s offers stunning views of the Pyramids and creative takes on classic Egyptian dishes. Abou El Sid has locations throughout Cairo, but the Zamalek branch stands out for its Arabian palace-inspired decor. Don’t miss the Circasian chicken in walnut sauce and the chance to try pigeon, a local specialty. For quick and tasty street food, Zööba is a great choice, with multiple branches. Sachi, recognized as the Best Restaurant in Egypt by “The World’s 50 Best Restaurants,” also ranks among “MENA’s 50 Best Restaurants.”
Planning tip: Cairo's traffic can be as chaotic as that of New York and London, particularly during dinner hours, so be sure to allow extra time if you have a reservation.
After visiting Giza, make your way to Saqqara to explore even older pyramids © Grant Faint / Getty Images3. Experience the Pyramids... and discover more pyramids
It’s a must-see. Visiting Cairo means witnessing the Pyramids of Giza, the last remaining wonder of the ancient world and a stunning symbol of Egypt. However, many don't realize there are actually 118 pyramids throughout Egypt, not just the iconic trio of Khufu (Cheops), Khafre, and Menkaure located in Giza.
Saqqara is home to 11 pyramids, including the renowned Step Pyramid, or Pyramid of Zoser, which holds the title of the oldest pyramid in existence and is definitely worth a visit. Some of these pyramids, like the Pyramid of Teti, a pharaoh from the 6th dynasty, are accessible for exploration, featuring his inscribed basalt sarcophagus still resting inside the tomb.
Planning tip: The Pyramids attract a large number of visitors, making them quite crowded. To enhance your experience, consider hiring a local guide either before you arrive or through your hotel; they can navigate you through the site and share fascinating stories as you delve into history. SEE Egypt offers excellent tours and guides.
4. Explore the National Museum of Egyptian Civilisation
NMEC is the first museum in the Middle East dedicated exclusively to ancient Egyptian civilization, spanning various historical periods throughout Egypt's rich history. It also houses royal mummies, which were ceremoniously moved to the museum in 2021.
Wander through the alleys of the Khan Al Khalili bazaar, a bustling center of trade and commerce since the 14th century © Gary Yeowell / Getty Images5. Explore the historic Khan Al Khalili bazaar
Founded in the 14th century, the Khan Al Khalili market in Cairo boasts a rich history, making it a significant area for cultural and economic activity.
This ancient bazaar has served as a trade and commerce hub for centuries, reflecting the time-honored traditions of Egyptian craftsmanship and merchant culture. Entering Khan Al Khalili feels like stepping into a bygone era, allowing you to immerse yourself in the vibrant history of this lively marketplace and navigate its winding alleys filled with stalls showcasing everything from exquisite jewelry to vibrant textiles and fragrant spices.
Detour: Tucked away in the Khan Al Khalili Bazaar, the historic Naguib Mahfouz restaurant opened in 1989 as a tribute to the renowned Egyptian writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1988. Born in Old Cairo in 1911, Mahfouz set many of his early works in this very city. The restaurant's arabesque decor transports diners back to the essence of Old Cairo, serving classic Egyptian dishes such as lamb or chicken kofta, kushari (a delightful mix of noodles, rice, black lentils, fried onions, and tomato sauce), and mezze platters, but be sure to try the grilled specialties that are a standout.
6. Explore the Citadel
Perched on a hilltop, the Cairo Citadel stands as Egypt’s most famous mosque and a medieval fortress constructed by Saladin. Begin your visit at the stunning Ottoman-style Mosque of Muhammad Ali, the citadel's crown jewel. Often referred to as the Alabaster Mosque, its walls are adorned with alabaster, and the radiant white courtyard shines brilliantly in the light.
Next, visit the Palace of Jewels. This Ottoman-style building, dating back to 1814, served as the home of Sultan Muhammad Ali and now houses his throne. On the second floor, you'll find a gallery featuring portraits of Egypt’s rulers from Muhammad Ali onward.
Planning tip: The fortress provides breathtaking panoramic views of Old Cairo, extending all the way to the Great Pyramids of Giza.
Discover Cairo's Islamic heritage with a stroll down El-Moez St © Izzet Keribar / Getty Images7. Stroll through the streets of Old Cairo
El-Moez St in Old Cairo, designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, is a 1km (0.6-mile) pedestrian thoroughfare showcasing one of the highest concentrations of medieval architectural wonders in the Islamic world. Here, you'll find a blend of ancient mosques and buildings interspersed with contemporary vendors and shops in the historic neighborhood of Gamaleya. The street begins at the northern Bab Al Futuh, one of the last three gates to the original walled city of Cairo, built by a Fatimid caliph.
Walking along El-Moez St is free, but a ticket is required to enter attractions like the Qalaun Complex and Beit el Suheimy. You can purchase individual tickets or a combination ticket for multiple sites of interest along El-Moez St, including historical houses, palaces, and mausoleums. Most mosques welcome visitors for free, though women should have a head covering, and everyone must remove their shoes at the entrance.
Local tip: The street is long and has seen better days, so expect uneven surfaces; wear sturdy, comfortable shoes. It's advisable to bring a bottle of water. A guide can enhance your experience on El-Moez St, given the rich history, but the caretakers of each monument are also available to offer guided tours.
8. Discover intricate textiles crafted by Cairo's artisans on Khayamia St
Nestled in the heart of old Islamic Cairo, just behind Bab Zuweila, lies Khayamia St, also known as “the Street of the Tentmakers.” This historic street, dating back to 1200 CE, gets its name from the Arabic term “khyma,” which means “tent.” Historically, the artisans here were renowned tentmakers.
Traditionally, Egyptian tentmakers created elaborate interiors for urban tents. Today, they channel these skills into textile artworks that resemble quilts, preserving their craft amid evolving economic and political landscapes. Once home to over a thousand artisans, the street now boasts about 20 shops and 30–40 stitchers. This craft community was highlighted in the documentary The Tentmakers of Cairo by Kim Beamish, which provided unique insights into their artistic legacy.
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