An Exploration of the Ancient and Modern Marvels of the World

The world boasts countless stunning sights and destinations, yet some resonate more profoundly, leaving us in awe, unable to articulate why. The Wonders of the World exemplify this phenomenon — they often baffle us, prompting the question, "How was this achieved?" — which is precisely why they earn the title of Wonders of the World.

Various lists have emerged celebrating modern marvels, natural wonders, and even local treasures, but it all traces back to the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, cataloged by the ancient historian Herodotus and scholar Callimachus of Cyrene. The complete list of ancient wonders, as noted by Reuters, has been lost to time, with only fragments remaining. A new compilation arose during the Middle Ages, drawing from these remnants and other ancient Greek texts. Many original sites of these wonders no longer exist.

In 2000, the Switzerland-based organization New7Wonders Foundation launched a campaign to establish a new list of wonders. Over 100 million votes were gathered globally, leading to the naming of the New Seven Wonders of the World. These include well-known sites like the Great Wall of China and Machu Picchu. But are you aware of the wonders that came before them? We've merged both lists here to provide a complete — and truly marvelous — overview.

The Marvels of the Ancient and Modern World

Colossus of Rhodes

The Colossus of Rhodes was, as its name implies, truly enormous. Constructed by the Rhodians on the Greek Island of Rhodes between 294 and 282 BCE, the statue is believed to have stood 100 feet tall. According to the History Channel, it only remained upright for 60 years before collapsing during an earthquake, with its remnants later sold as scrap metal. Historians are uncertain about the precise location of the statue designed by Chares of Lindus, nor its exact appearance, but it is known to have been erected in honor of the sun god Helios.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon remain one of history's enduring enigmas. Archaeologists are unsure of its exact location, although ancient Greeks believed it was situated near the Euphrates River, in what is now Iraq. The gardens were said to be a verdant oasis, with vegetation cascading from walls that reached up to 75 feet high. However, as the History Channel points out, there are no firsthand accounts confirming the gardens' existence, only secondhand stories.

Statue of Zeus at Olympia

The Greek sculptor Phidias crafted a towering 40-foot statue in honor of Zeus, which adorned the Temple of Zeus in Olympia until its destruction. This statue was said to be plated with gold and ivory, showcasing Zeus seated on a cedarwood throne embellished with additional gold, ivory, and precious gems. The statue was lost when the temple was destroyed in 426 CE.

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

The Temple of Artemis, located in what is now western Turkey, would undoubtedly remain an architectural wonder even today. Constructed around 550 BCE, the temple measured approximately 350 feet in length and 180 feet in width, adorned with numerous artworks and sculptures. It was destroyed by the Goths in 262 CE and was never rebuilt. However, some small fragments are still available for viewing at the British Museum.

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus is yet another ancient marvel from what is now modern-day Turkey. Constructed in 353 BCE by Artemisia for her husband Mausolus, who was also her brother, the tomb was described as nearly square and adorned with 36 columns, culminating in a 24-step pyramid. It likely met its end in a 13th-century earthquake. Some remnants can still be found in the British Museum.

The Lighthouse of Alexandria

The Lighthouse of Alexandria was constructed by Sostratus of Cnidus around 280 BCE on the island of Pharos. According to Britannica, it soared to an impressive height of 350 feet. It was also said to be accompanied by a grand statue, possibly depicting either Alexander the Great or Ptolemy I Soter. The lighthouse remained standing until the 12th century before being replaced by a fortress.

Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid of Giza is the sole surviving wonder of the ancient world. It rises majestically over the west bank of the Nile River and is composed of over two million stones spanning 13 acres. The exact methods of its construction remain a mystery, though experts believe log rollers and sleds were employed to transport the enormous stones. Experience it for yourself by purchasing a ticket and scheduling a visit.

The Colosseum

The Colosseum remains the premier attraction in Rome. Constructed in the first century under Emperor Vespasian, this colossal amphitheater measures 620 by 513 feet and could accommodate over 50,000 spectators. These crowds gathered for various forms of entertainment, most famously gladiatorial contests. Visitors to Rome can explore the remnants of the Colosseum by booking advance tickets.

The Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China extends for over 13,000 miles and remains a popular destination, attracting around 10 million visitors each year. Commissioned by Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor of China, this monumental structure was built more than 2,000 years ago to defend against invaders. 

The Taj Mahal

The Taj Mahal was commissioned by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan as a tribute to his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal. Construction commenced in 1632 and was completed by 1648. The site covers approximately 42 acres, featuring exquisite gardens. It welcomes visitors daily except on Fridays. A dazzling night tour is also available for those interested.

Christ the Redeemer

Christ the Redeemer towers majestically over the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro atop Corcovado Mountain. Standing at ninety-eight feet tall, with arms spanning 92 feet, this impressive statue began construction in 1922, thanks to engineer Heitor da Silva Costa and sculptor Paul Landowski, and was completed in 1931. Each year, millions embark on the journey to witness it. You can join them by booking your visit here.

Machu Picchu

The Machu Picchu site is another incredible archaeological gem. Believed to have been built around 1450 BCE, this ancient Incan city in Peru may have served governmental or religious purposes. Its ruins gained worldwide fame after explorer Hiram Bingham discovered them with the assistance of local indigenous people. Thanks to ongoing conservation efforts, visitors from around the globe continue to flock to the site. To manage the flow and preserve the experience, the local government has limited daily visitors, so it's essential to secure tickets in advance.

Chichén Itzá

Chichén Itzá is not merely a single structure but an entire ancient Mayan city located in the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico. Established around 600 BCE, it became a key hub for Mayan commerce. The impressive pyramid buildings continue to attract tourists eager to explore and celebrate Mayan heritage. To delve deeper into the site's history, tune into episode two of Dinogo’s podcast, Lost Cultures, Living Legacies.

Petra

Petra is yet another ancient city that ranks among the New 7 Wonders of the World. Nestled in the Kingdom of Jordan, it was carved into the cliffs by the Nabataeans around the 3rd century BCE, as noted by UNESCO. The site boasts temples, tombs, and its most iconic structure, The Treasury. Visitors can explore the city throughout the week, but it truly comes alive during the enchanting night tours.