I'm considering a self-drive safari in Botswana, Kenya, or Tanzania—how challenging would it be?

In this series, the Dinogo Planet team addresses your travel dilemmas and shares tips to ensure a smooth journey. When it comes to self-driving safaris in Africa, we turned to Namibia-based guidebook writer Mary Fitzpatrick for insight.

Question: 'I'm looking at a 4WD self-drive safari in Africa, with Botswana, Kenya, and Tanzania on my radar. I’d love to gather more detailed, personal insights before making a choice.'

Mary Fitzpatrick: A self-drive safari in Southern or East Africa is filled with excitement and transformative moments. Imagine witnessing elephants at dawn on a game drive, relaxing by a campfire at sunset, or visiting a remote village where curious, joyful local children gather around, eager to learn about your journey.

Embarking on a 4WD safari in Africa is a significant endeavor. If this is your first trip to the continent or you're traveling alone, consider joining an organized safari first. You can always try a self-drive safari on a future trip. If you opt to go solo, travel with at least one companion and start with a manageable itinerary in just one country. The destinations you've mentioned are vast, and a thorough exploration would need a two- to three-week plan. If you choose to cross borders, select nearby countries for easier travel.

What are the top countries for a self-drive safari?

Among the three countries you mentioned, Botswana has a well-established culture for self-drive safaris. Fully-equipped 4WD rentals are readily available in Gaborone and other major cities, as well as near key tourist attractions. Many locals explore the country this way. However, it's essential to be prepared for remote driving and camping. Experience with both off-road and bush driving is beneficial, as there are lengthy stretches of open road between popular spots.

Self-drive rentals can also be arranged in Kenya and Tanzania. Both countries offer incredible experiences, but they can be pricey. Most travelers tend to choose organized safaris instead. Nonetheless, renting a 4WD in either location has its advantages. The roads are generally less remote, especially near major parks, and there are more facilities along the way, including small villages and shops offering essentials.

Another great option to explore is Namibia. With excellent roads, well-equipped campsites, and affordable rental vehicles, it’s one of the easiest countries in Southern Africa for a self-drive adventure. If you plan to visit multiple countries, begin in Namibia, travel east to Botswana, and conclude your journey at Victoria Falls on the Zambia/Zimbabwe border.

What additional factors should I keep in mind?

Should you decide to cross any borders, make sure your vehicle and third-party insurance documents are in order, as border officials will check them. Both Tanzania and Kenya participate in the Comesa yellow-card insurance scheme, a regional program that offers legal liability coverage and compensation across several countries for motor vehicles.

If you intend to visit Victoria Falls, consider purchasing the Kaza univisa, a US$50 visa that permits travel to both Zambia and Zimbabwe for up to 30 days within a calendar year. This visa also allows for day trips to Botswana via the Kazungula border.

What about accommodations? Is camping readily accessible?

In southern Africa, particularly in Botswana and Namibia, rental vehicles often come equipped with the option of a rooftop tent. Campsites are plentiful, especially in Namibia.

In Tanzania and Kenya, this setup is less common, but you can still find campsites near major national parks. Additionally, Kenya offers many budget-friendly local guesthouses.

What other important details should I be aware of for a 4WD safari?

• Always refuel the 4WD whenever you have the chance; gas stations can be scarce.

• Keep some emergency cash on hand, as ATMs may not always be accessible.

• Familiarize yourself with basic vehicle repairs and consult an experienced mechanic for advice on essential spare parts to bring along.

• Most countries permit driving with your home license (if it’s in English), but obtaining an International Driver's License can be advantageous, particularly for extended safaris.

• Stock up on extra water and pack some food supplies to sustain you in case of a breakdown in isolated areas.

• Consider renting a satellite phone from some vehicle rental companies if you plan to venture into the wilderness.

• Avoid nighttime driving and familiarize yourself with local driving regulations before you set off. Be prepared for encounters with livestock, wildlife, and pedestrians on the roads.

• Lastly, steer clear of traveling during the rainy season, especially in Tanzania and Kenya, as flooding is prevalent and roads can become muddy and difficult to navigate.