The 12 Most Stunning Destinations to Explore in Mongolia

Renowned as the birthplace of Chinggis (Genghis) Khaan, Mongolia transports you to a different realm with its ancient nomadic traditions, endless azure skies, and pristine natural landscapes.

In a world that is constantly evolving, Mongolia remains timeless—a land filled with lush valleys, turquoise lakes, breathtaking canyons, marshy waters, sand dunes, snow-capped peaks, rolling grasslands, and alpine forests, all rich with centuries-old customs and traditions.

Covering 1.56 million square kilometers, Mongolia is the world's most sparsely populated nation, housing just 3.4 million people in an area three times the size of France. Careful planning of your itinerary and travel days is essential, particularly considering local conditions like weather and the vast distances between soums (subdistricts).

Geographically, Mongolia can be divided into four zones from north to south: mountain forests, alpine steppes, semi-deserts, and the stark landscapes of the Gobi Desert. Each province boasts its own distinct natural wonders, making it difficult for tourists to select from the myriad hidden gems in this extraordinary country. To assist you in your journey, we have compiled a list of 12 must-visit sites in Mongolia.

1. Bayanzurkh, Khövsgöl

Ideal Spot for Unspoiled Nature

The stunning blue waters of Khövsgöl Nuur are often the first sight for travelers in Khövsgöl Province, located in northern Mongolia. Unfortunately, many visitors limit themselves to this area, missing out on the province's other breathtaking attractions.

Situated 160km (99 miles) from the lake, the Bayanzürkh region is a must-visit—boasting pristine rivers and the Ushir waterfall cascading down towering cliffs next to the striking Boshloi Rock. Locals refer to it as heaven on earth, and it definitely deserves a spot on your travel bucket list.

Travel Tip: A paved road leads from Ulaanbaatar to the shores of Khövsgöl Nuur, but exploring Bayanzürkh will require a 4WD vehicle.

2. East Taiga

Ideal Spot for Wild Adventures

One of Khövsgöl Province's hidden gems is East Taiga, the home of the Tsaatan people, traditional reindeer herders of Mongolia. Reaching this location requires over 10 hours of navigating rugged, muddy mountain roads followed by a challenging 60km (37 miles) horseback trek. However, the breathtaking mountains and pristine rivers of this untouched area will keep you captivated. Don’t miss the stunning Urtun Khyarkhyn waterfall, which stands at 25 meters tall and is seldom seen by outsiders. Get ready for an unforgettable adventure that demands a bit of patience!

3. Tsenkher Hot Springs

Best Spot for Relaxation

At the Tsenkher Hot Spring, you can unwind in outdoor pools surrounded by stunning views of lush hills or indulge in soothing indoor baths, open year-round—even during winter. This spring is naturally heated to 85°C (185°F) and ranks as Mongolia's second hottest spring, following Shargaljuut. It's situated at the base of a wooded mountain approximately 30km (18 miles) south of Tsetserleg city in Tsenkher soum. Locals believe that these hot springs can alleviate rheumatism, neuralgia, muscle pain, and arthralgia, as well as enhance the digestive system and boost immunity post-surgery.

Planning Tip: Accommodation at Tsenkher Hot Springs is available in ger camps, with the popular Duut Resort offering the most comfortable stay, complete with its own pools and options for staying in gers or a cozy wooden lodge.

4. Ikh Gazryn Chuluu

Most Fascinating Cultural Destination

If you find yourself weary of the Gobi's sand dunes, the rocky, granite peaks of Ikh Gazryn Chuluu offer a captivating glimpse into desert culture. This rugged mountain range is steeped in stories about the people who once inhabited its caves, and you can immerse yourself in these tales at a theater showcasing Mongolia’s tradition of the “long song”—epic folk melodies that can span several hours. Plan your visit for August to witness the Uyakhan Zambuu Tiviin Naran Art Festival, where you can experience the richness of Mongolian culture amidst serene and striking landscapes.

Planning Tip: The Ikh Gazryn Chuluu mountains cover an area of 20 sq km (7.7 sq miles) in Dundgovi Province, located south of Ulaanbaatar. With a hired vehicle, you can reach this destination via road from Mandalgovi in about an hour.

5. Khentii Province

Best Place to Walk in the Footsteps of Chinggis Khan

Khentii Province is rich with historical sites that will intrigue anyone interested in the life of Mongolia’s legendary leader. Numerous locations are associated with Chinggis Khan, including Khökh Nuur (the lake where Temujin was crowned as Chinggis Khan in 1206 CE), the Ikh Palace of Chinggis Khan, Deluun Boldog (marking the birthplace of the great Khan), and the Gundgavirlan monastery.

Planning Tip: Khentii Province boasts stunning natural beauty and is just a one-day, 331km (205 miles) drive from Ulaanbaatar to Chinggis, the provincial capital. On your journey, don’t miss the iconic Chinggis Khan Statue, conveniently located off the main road between Nalaikh and Erdene.

6. Tövkhön Khiid Monastery

Best spot for meditation

Tövkhön Khiid is among the most beautifully designed monasteries in Mongolia. Nestled in a lush forested area and surrounded by stunning mountains, it lies 70km (43 miles) from Kharkhorin at an elevation of 200m (656ft), making it a unique monastery complex unlike any other in the country.

Founded by Zanabazar, the first leader of Buddhism in Mongolia, this monastery served as his retreat for meditation, earning the name “Land of Happy Solitude.” You can explore several nearby temples as well as a meditation cave.

7. Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park

Best destination for desert scenery

Mongolia’s most iconic destination is undoubtedly the Gobi Desert, where you can trek or ride horses or camels amidst breathtaking landscapes. Gobi Gurvan Saikhan National Park in Umnugovi Province serves as a vast playground for outdoor lovers and a place to immerse yourself in the stark yet inspiring scenery inhabited by Mongolia’s nomadic people.

The park is renowned for the Khongoryn Els dunes, famously known as the “Singing Sands” due to the sound produced by shifting sand in strong winds. Another highlight within the park is Yolyn Am, a striking gorge that reveals its true beauty in winter when it’s filled with ice.

8. Kherkhruu Three Lakes

Best place to find solitude

Situated about 180km (111 miles) from Ulaanbaatar in the Erdene soum of Tuv Province, the Kherkhruu Three Lakes (also referred to as Kherkhluur Saridag) provide an authentic wilderness experience. This pristine area is nestled among towering cliffs, surrounded by lush forests, with roads lined by marshes, small rivers, and willows. It's a tranquil retreat where the few travelers who come typically arrive on horseback or by helicopter. As access is limited, this is one of the most sought-after destinations for Mongolian tourists.

Planning tip: The Three Lakes are situated within the Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area; as you explore, keep an eye out for moose, brown bears, and over 250 species of birds.

9. Saikhanii Khutul

Best destination accessible by train

Mongolia’s railway system operates in two directions: north to south and vice versa, connecting Mongolia with Russia and China. Train aficionados seeking unforgettable views of majestic, forested mountains and glimpses into the lives of nomadic families and rural farmers should consider taking a train from Ulaanbaatar to Selenge Province in northern Mongolia.

Located less than 10km (6.2 miles) from the provincial capital Sükhbaatar, Saikhanii Khutul is a mountainous region offering breathtaking vistas over the Orkhon and Selenge river basins.

Planning tip: Currently, trains on the Trans Mongolian Railways to Russia are suspended due to the war in Ukraine, but local services still operate from Ulaanbaatar to Sükhbaatar through Darkhan.

10. Khuiten Uul

Top spot for trekking

Altai Tavan Bogd National Park, situated 1920km (1193 miles) from Ulaanbaatar in Bayan-Ulgii Province, is a paradise for trekkers, climbers, and nature enthusiasts. This national park boasts stunning landscapes, and the surrounding region is rich in diverse ethnic cultures and intriguing historical sites. The park's highest peak, Khuiten Uul (4374m/14,350ft), is snow-covered and represents the pinnacle of Mongolia, accessible only to seasoned mountaineers through guided expeditions.

Don't overlook the Shiveet Khairkhan petroglyphs, recognized as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site. These ancient rock carvings depict various subjects, from wildlife to horseback figures, spanning a vast area; the oldest of which date back to the Bronze Age.

Planning tip: If you're seeking a mountain experience, consider the trek to Khuiten Uul Base Camp from the Tsagaan Gol Valley (reachable by vehicle from Ölgii). This rewarding day hike offers opportunities to explore the White River, historical ruins, and meet Kazakh eagle hunters along the way.

11. Tsagaan Suvarga

Ideal for landscape photographers

Dundgovi Province might appear to be a quiet area with little to offer, but it holds far more treasures than one might expect. A visit to the stunning badlands of Tsagaan Suvarga, often referred to as the 'Grand Canyon of Mongolia,' is especially worthwhile, as it evokes images of Mars.

The canyon's cliff walls rise over 60m (197ft) at their tallest, extending for 400m (1312ft). From afar, it resembles the ruins of a vast city or structure, but a closer look reveals a prehistoric landscape that once teemed with dinosaurs and other colossal creatures. The valley is adorned with wild sedges, grasses, and buckwheat, as well as various Gobi flora like sagebrush and wild leeks.

12. Ulaanbaatar

Best for urban adventures

You might have heard that summers in Mongolia are lovely, but even in winter, a trip to the world's coldest capital city presents a challenging yet distinctive experience. Ulaanbaatar is known for its traffic jams and winter haze, but you can enjoy your visit without spending excessive time outside.

Explore the inviting museums of this vast city for a captivating journey through its culture and history. Key highlights include the Chinggis Khaan National Museum, dedicated to the legendary Khan, and the Winter Palace of the Bogd Khaan, the former residence of Mongolia’s last monarch, Bogdo Jebtsundamba Khutuktu.

Planning tip: If you prefer to visit during the summer, don’t miss Naadam, the country’s largest festival held in July. While crowds gather at the Central Stadium, many foreign tourists overlook the excitement at the Khui Doloon Khudag horse racing ground just outside the city; make your way there to witness authentic local celebrations!