Top 22 activities to enjoy in India

India encompasses a multitude of experiences. This vast land, filled with ancient temples, majestic palaces, hidden cities, and rich traditions, offers a unique world of vibrant cultures and peoples. For many, a journey to India is truly a once-in-a-lifetime adventure.

The memories you create here will stay with you long after you depart, but with so much to see and such a large territory to navigate, choosing what to focus on can be overwhelming. To help you achieve the ultimate Indian experience, here’s our curated list of must-do activities.

1. Witness Varanasi at sunrise

To truly feel the essence of Varanasi, recognized as the world’s oldest continuously inhabited city, begin your journey just before dawn. At Assi Ghat, Hindu devotees congregate for the Ganga Aarti ceremony, chanting sacred hymns and prayers on the steps leading to the holy river.

Afterward, embark on a small boat and watch the sun ascend as life awakens along the riverbanks. As daylight unfolds, a lively scene emerges with saffron-clad sadhus, pilgrims, vendors, and tourists engaging in religious practices, yoga, and rituals in the sacred Ganges. Most boat rides glide past Dashashwamedh Ghat towards Manikarnika Ghat, where funeral pyres burn as the deceased are cremated. Visitors should observe respectfully from a distance, refraining from photos or interruptions.

Tip for planning: We suggest visiting an akhara (wrestling center) to witness wrestlers practicing their ancient sport in a mud pit during the early morning light. Conclude your tour with a delicious meal: try the traditional Varanasi breakfast of kachoris (deep-fried pastries) filled with lentils and paired with spicy potato gravy. Finish on a sweet note with delectable jalebis (fried spirals of dough).

2. Focus your gaze – and your camera – on the legendary Taj Mahal

The iconic landmark featured on every India travel brochure, the Taj Mahal in Agra is truly a must-see highlight of any journey here. Despite the throngs of tourists, it’s impossible not to be awestruck by this marble masterpiece, built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in honor of his beloved wife, Mumtaz.

While it’s difficult to take a bad photo of the Taj, the most stunning shots are typically captured at sunrise and sunset from Mehtab Bagh, the Mughal garden across the Yamuna River. Arrive just before dawn to witness the shifting colors on this exquisite monument to eternal love. Throughout the day, the sun bathes the marble in various shades, transforming the dome from soft pink at sunrise to vibrant orange at sunset.

Before you leave Agra, don’t miss the striking tomb of Itimad-Ud-Daulah – known as the “Baby Taj.” Built in the 1620s, this precursor to the Taj Mahal was commissioned for Mumtaz’s grandfather, Mirza Ghiyas Beg, by his daughter, Nur Jahan.

Planning tip: Special tickets for night visits are available on full moon nights. You can purchase them in person 24 hours in advance at the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) offices on Mall Road; don’t forget to bring your passport for identification.

3. Unravel the Kama Sutra narrative behind Khajuraho

Standing before the erotic sculptures of intertwined figures at Khajuraho, you can almost sense the fervor of the artistry. Few heritage sites in India inspire as much intrigue and fascination as these renowned temples, constructed nearly a thousand years ago. Yet, as guides will meticulously explain, only about ten percent of the carvings in the 22 excavated temples depict erotic scenes.

As you delve into the three-dimensional stories of the temples, you can ponder why the Chandela clan chose to incorporate erotic themes in their artwork, which celebrates both Hindu and Jain deities. Be sure to visit one of India’s oldest surviving Tantric temples, dedicated to the Chausath Yogini – the 64 Tantric goddesses; while its cells may lack idols, the architecture remains captivating, even in ruins.

Planning tip: Allocate a full day to explore all the temples in Khajuraho; begin as early as possible to avoid harsh lighting for photography, or visit in the afternoon when the warm sunlight casts enchanting shadows. Staying overnight allows for two visits, offering a chance to appreciate the evolving atmosphere of the site.

4. Discover the world’s largest mangrove forests in the Sundarbans

A wild and secluded biodiversity hotspot, Sundarbans National Park is where the mighty Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers converge with the Bay of Bengal. Extending into neighboring Bangladesh, this intricate maze of mangrove forests, swamps, mudflats, and river islands can be navigated via boat safaris in search of the approximately 100 Bengal tigers that inhabit its brackish waters.

With its winding network of mangrove roots, the dark and dense underbrush also shelters crocodiles, snakes, and other marshland predators. Observation towers provide a panoramic view of the swamps; keep an eye out for various kingfishers, raptors, and countless water birds. Village walks are possible on a few islands, where locals share humbling stories of life amidst devastating cyclones and perilous wildlife in this delicate and unforgettable ecosystem.

5. Sleep under the stars in Rajasthan's Thar Desert

With an entire galaxy twinkling overhead, resting among the rolling sand dunes and arid scrub of Rajasthan’s Thar Desert is an unforgettable experience. Starting from the golden-hued Jaisalmer, the nearest desert camps are set up across the wind-swept Sam Sand Dunes, towering over 50m (164ft). However, the most rewarding camel safaris venture further into the desert, providing tranquil silence and truly dark skies, far from the crowds of day-trippers.

Planning tip: Before heading to the dunes, don't miss a stroll through the golden, temple-laden streets of majestic Jaisalmer Fort, home to around 5,000 residents. The seven Jain temples nestled within the fort's sturdy walls showcase some of the finest carvings in northern India.

6. Experience the divine presence at the Golden Temple, Amritsar

The optimal time to visit Amritsar’s magnificent Golden Temple is at 4am (5am in winter), when the sacred scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is placed inside the temple for the day, accompanied by an energizing hum of ritual chanting. As dawn approaches, the golden central shrine illuminates the entire temple complex, casting stunning reflections in the surrounding pond, Amrit Sarovar (the Reservoir of Nectar).

Hospitality and charity are fundamental principles for Sikhs, and this renowned gurdwara (place of worship) welcomes individuals of all faiths. The remarkable community kitchen, known as Guru-Ka-Langar, serves simple vegetarian meals throughout the day to as many as 100,000 visitors (meals are complimentary, but donations are encouraged).

7. Explore the serene backwaters of Kerala

A labyrinth of narrow canals, brackish lagoons, and shimmering rivers flowing into the Arabian Sea, Kerala's backwaters present a unique perspective of India. You can customize your journey as you navigate this intricate network of waterways, visiting communities that engage in fishing and farming along the lush banks.

On an overnight cruise aboard a kettuvallam (houseboat), you can spend your time fishing, exploring quaint villages, birdwatching, or simply enjoying the leisurely pace of life. Public ferries connecting villages provide a glimpse of the backwaters if you're unable to embark on a longer boat journey.

Planning tip: Most cruises begin in Alappuzha (Alleppey), a charming town located on the Ernakulam–Kayamkulam coastal railway line south of Kochi. However, houseboat quality can vary – it's advisable to visit the dock and inspect a selection of boats one or two days ahead of your trip. If booking online via an aggregator like Booking.com, ensure you read numerous reviews before finalizing your reservation.

8. Explore the ancient monasteries of Ladakh

Nestled among the towering Himalayas, the valleys of Ladakh are breathtaking – both in beauty and altitude. Allow a few days to adjust upon arriving in this former Buddhist kingdom, where dramatic landscapes rise from deep valleys to peaks soaring over 6,000 meters (19,685 feet) high.

Adorned with snow-capped peaks, glacial fields, alpine meadows, small orchards, and arid valleys shaped by rivers, the region offers a playground for hikers, bikers, and adventure seekers. In winter, adventurers flock here to track snow leopards and trek along the frozen Zanskar River.

Scattered across Ladakh's cold deserts, chortens (stupas) and gompas (Tibetan Buddhist monasteries) provide a deep dive into Tibetan Buddhist traditions. The oldest monastery is in Alchi, but Thiksey, Stok, and Hemis gompas near the capital, Leh, are the most frequented by tourists.

Planning tip: Make sure to take in the breathtaking views of Ladakh’s wind-carved badlands from Lamayuru Monastery, a great stop while journeying west from Leh to Srinagar in Kashmir. Be sure to dress modestly, covering your shoulders and legs, and refrain from taking photographs within the monastery grounds.

9. Spend a day at Raghurajpur Arts and Crafts Village in Odisha

Nestled near the temple town of Puri in Odisha, the vibrant Raghurajpur Arts and Crafts Village serves as a living showcase curated by local chitrakaars (folk artists). The village highlights the traditional art of pata chitra painting, celebrating the trio of deities revered in Puri's Jagannath Temple. Each artwork is crafted on specially prepared layers of cotton cloth, depicting tribal motifs, folk tales, and legends. Expect artists to invite you into their homes to admire the murals adorning their walls.

In addition to pata chitra, you can also discover tussar silk paintings, handmade toys, and palm-leaf engravings. Participate in live demonstrations or try your hand at making your own artwork. Don’t miss a traditional Gotipua dance performance, often practiced by young men at local gurukul (dance academies).

10. Explore the enchanting ruins of Hampi

If the ruins of Hampi could narrate their history, they would recount the tale of a mighty kingdom known for its grandeur, where rulers constructed stunning temples, palaces, and monuments, traded precious gems in bustling markets, and made significant contributions to the art, architecture, culture, and literature of medieval India. Founded 600 years ago by two brothers under the mentorship of their spiritual guide, Sri Vidyaranya, Hampi served as the capital of the Vijayanagar Empire, which dominated the Deccan Plateau of South India for centuries.

The extensive ruins of Hampi stretch for miles, centered around several key monument groups, including the Royal Enclosure, once the residence of Vijayanagar's rulers. The still-vibrant Virupaksha Temple serves as the focal point of spiritual life in Hampi Bazaar, the village that lies at the heart of the ruins, while the Vittala Temple stands out as an architectural wonder, showcasing an intricately carved stone chariot featured on India’s 50-rupee note.

Planning tip: Set aside at least three days to thoroughly discover this remarkable site. The temples around Hampi Bazaar are easily accessible on foot; for exploring farther, consider renting a bicycle or motorbike, or hiring an auto-rickshaw. Coracle boatmen provide transfers at various points along the Tungabhadra River.

11. Discover the hidden treasures of Goa beyond its beaches

Goa is more than just a destination; it embodies a state of mind. The name conjures up images of sun-soaked shores, and while Goa’s beaches are undoubtedly popular, the state’s enchanting river islands, mangrove swamps, lush forests, and thriving spice and cashew plantations offer unforgettable and sensory experiences in their own right.

Set sail on the Zuari River and navigate narrow canals lined with mangroves at dawn to spot six species of kingfishers and countless water birds, or trek through inland forests to uncover hidden temples. For more natural beauty, explore Mollem National Park and Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary, where the magnificent Dudhsagar Falls are particularly breathtaking just after the monsoon, when the waterfalls are at their most powerful.

12. Marvel at the tranquil sands of the Rann of Kachchh

Don’t forget your sunglasses – the shimmering sodium crystals of the White Rann will truly captivate you. As one of the largest salt deserts in the world, the Rann of Kachchh (Kutch) in Gujarat is split into the Greater and Lesser Rann (including the White Rann), forming a distinctive ecosystem of seasonal salt marshes that are submerged during the monsoon. When the waters recede, the wetlands become an expansive salt landscape, a breathtaking sight unique to winter, from October to March.

We suggest staying in Hodka or Dhordo, where resorts feature Kutchi (Kutch-style) bhungas – charming circular thatched mud huts that provide a cool escape from the intense desert heat. While in the region, visit the ancient ruins of the Indus Valley civilization at Dholavira to the east and the 18th-century Aaina Mahal Palace in Bhuj to the southwest.

Planning tip: The scenery is particularly enchanting at sunrise and sunset, or at night under the full moon. From November to February, Gujarat Tourism hosts the annual Rann Ustav, a vibrant cultural festival celebrating the state's rich heritage. Expect an array of food and local handicraft stalls, along with Sufi devotional music and performances by indigenous Kutchi folk artists in traditional embroidered attire.

13. Admire the monumental sculptures at the Great Living Chola Temples

Situated in Tamil Nadu, the 1200-year-old Great Living Chola Temples leave a profound impression on visitors. These magnificent structures include the Brihadeeshwara Temple in the southern city of Thanjavur, constructed by King Raja Raja Chola I in the 10th century. Its towering 63.4m (208ft) central spire ranks among the tallest of any Hindu temple, earning it the nickname, the Big Temple.

Rajendra Chola, the son of Raja Raja Chola I, ambitiously aimed to build an even grander version of his father's temple at Gangaikonda Cholapuram, but for unknown reasons, the project was left unfinished. A century later, a third temple, the Airavateswarar Temple, was constructed by Raja Raja Chola II in the town of Darasuram. While the first two Brihadeshwara temples are grand in scale, this temple showcases exquisite craftsmanship on a smaller scale.

Planning tip: Set aside a day to explore all three temples, which remain in active worship. Early mornings or evenings are the best times to visit. Each temple is primarily dedicated to Shiva, so keep an eye out for statues of Nandi, Shiva's loyal bull vahana (mount).

14. Uncover hidden gems in the villages of Chettinadu

Chettinadu is a vibrant tapestry of arts, crafts, architecture, cuisine, and traditions, spanning 75 villages in Tamil Nadu. These villages were once home to a prosperous merchant community known as the Nagarathar Chettiars, who amassed wealth through the trade of jewelry and spices, leaving behind opulent homes that reflect their cosmopolitan culture and affluence.

Locally known as nattukottai (country forts), each residence resembles a grand personal palace. Some of these properties span over 3700 sq meters (39,826 sq ft), showcasing vibrant facades adorned with arches, pillars, sculptures, and friezes. However, it’s the interiors that truly captivate, featuring Belgian mirrors, chandeliers, Italian marble, Japanese art, Spanish tiles, Burmese teak, and other luxurious elements sourced globally.

Villages like Karaikudi, Kanadukathan, Devakottai, Kothamangalam, Pallathur, and Kottaiyur boast grand homes that date back up to 200 years. While most are now abandoned, a select few have been transformed into luxury hotels, and some are open for visitors for a nominal fee.

15. Experience a safari to seek out India’s Big Five.

Experience exhilarating 4WD safaris through the lush forests of India's remarkable wildlife sanctuaries, where you have a great chance of encountering India’s Big Five: tigers, elephants, leopards, sloth bears, and gaur (Indian bison). The country boasts over 100 national parks and tiger reserves, including renowned spots like Corbett Tiger Reserve, Kanha, Bandhavgarh, and Panna in Madhya Pradesh; Pench and Tadoba-Andhari in Maharashtra; Ranthambore in Rajasthan; and Nagarhole and Bandipur in Karnataka, along with many others.

Further afield, Kaziranga National Park in Assam is the sanctuary for the critically endangered one-horned rhinoceros, while the elusive snow leopards stealthily roam Hemis National Park in Ladakh, and Asiatic lions gather in Gujarat’s Gir National Park. If birdwatching is more your interest, visit the vibrant wetlands of Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan, home to a variety of birds from eagles to cranes and spoonbills.

Planning tip: Early morning safaris are often the most fruitful, though evening outings provide enchanting lighting. Late summer is ideal for wildlife spotting, but be aware that many national parks close during the early summer monsoon. While some parks offer elephant safaris, these are not recommended, as carrying passengers can be detrimental to the elephants.

16. Immerse yourself in “orthodox tea” country in Darjeeling.

The lush hill station of Darjeeling in West Bengal is a perfect retreat, framed by snow-capped Himalayan peaks and surrounded by rolling hills of rhododendrons and pines, bursting with tea plantations. While Indian-style chai is widely available, this region is known for its “orthodox” tea, which refers to loose-leaf tea brewed in a teapot with hot water, unlike chai made from leaves processed through the CTC (crush, tear, curl) method. With an abundance of cozy cafes, serene hiking trails, and Buddhist monasteries to explore, Darjeeling provides a refreshing change from the bustling plains.

Likewise, Kangra – another key Indian tea-growing region in Himachal Pradesh – provides serene vistas of the Himalayan foothills and is easily accessible from the hill station of Dharamshala and the nearby McLeod Ganj. Currently, Dharamshala serves as the residence of the Dalai Lama and the exiled Tibetan government, and the town is deeply influenced by Tibetan culture.

Planning tip: The iconic narrow-gauge Toy Train to Darjeeling departs from New Jalpaiguri (NJP) station, following the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The primary NJP–Darjeeling service is powered by diesel engines, leading many visitors to prefer steam train 'joy rides' from Darjeeling to Ghum, the highest railway station in India. From October to January, the Toy Train is particularly popular, so be sure to reserve your seats in advance through the IRCTC website.

17. Experience the adventure of traveling on a sleeper train.

Beautifully picturesque and incredibly calming, rail travel in India provides a refreshing escape from the lively noise of urban tourist spots, with the iconic toy trains of the Himalayan foothills being just the beginning. Consider taking the overnight Shatabdi express from Delhi to Rishikesh – be sure to peek out the window and watch as the train gracefully snakes through the countryside. As you soak in the sights, enjoy a variety of railway snacks, from samosas and poha (flattened rice) to hearty meals, along with sweet milky chai served by chaiwalas with their kettles and paper cups.

For those eager to explore the southwestern regions, several spectacular train routes link the bustling city of Mumbai to the historic port city of Kochi, whisking passengers through lush green landscapes in the Konkan area while offering glimpses of the shimmering Arabian Sea.

Planning tip: Seats on popular routes tend to fill up quickly, so it's advisable to book your ticket online in advance through the IRCTC website. For the utmost comfort and privacy during long overnight trips, opt for an AC-class ticket (choose from four-bed, three-bed, or two-bed cabins). If you're interested in mingling with locals, consider a Sleeper class ticket, but be prepared for less sleep due to the comings and goings of fellow travelers. While sit-down toilets are available on board, it's wise to bring your own toilet paper.

18. Engage in Yoga in Rishikesh

Nestled in the Himalayan foothills along the banks of the Ganges, Rishikesh is a famous spiritual destination, celebrated for its ashrams and centers for yoga and meditation. Beyond the well-known “Beatles Ashram” – a now-deserted spiritual retreat frequented by the Beatles in the 1960s – Rishikesh also hosts the annual International Yoga Festival every March.

A wide range of yoga courses is offered by both Indian and international instructors. For newcomers, we suggest enrolling in a course at the Sivananda Ashram, where you can practice surya namaskars (sun salutations) and fundamental asanas by the riverside. There are also courses exclusively for women.

Planning tip: If you plan to attend the International Yoga Festival, make sure to book your spot online in advance. Most yoga centers are situated between Ram Jhula and Laxman Jhula, so secure your accommodation a few months ahead of time. Keep in mind that Rishikesh is a vegetarian city; for non-vegetarian options, visit the nearby town of Haridwar.

19. Explore the rich diversity of Northeast India

Given the incredible variety of India's Northeast States, it's surprising how often they are lumped together. This region offers unique experiences for every traveler, from the vibrant Hornbill Festival in Nagaland, which celebrates the cultural diversity of the state's 17 tribes every December, to the stunning vistas of 8586m (28,169ft) Khangchendzonga—the third-highest mountain in the world—visible from Sikkim's trekking paths.

We suggest beginning your exploration in Guwahati, Assam, where you can spot one-horned rhinos at Kaziranga National Park, before heading to Majuli, the largest river island globally. In Meghalaya, visit the lively markets of Shillong, then make your way to the picturesque town of Cherrapunji, known for its waterfalls and living root bridges formed by intertwined rubber tree roots. Further northeast lies the stunning Tawang Gompa in Arunachal Pradesh and the enchanting Ziro Valley, perfect for tribal experiences and easy treks through bamboo and pine forests.

Planning tip: The peak visiting season for the northeast runs from March to June, when the weather is still pleasantly cool. Accommodations during this period can be pricier; for a budget-friendly option, consider traveling in the summer months—just be mindful of areas affected by the monsoon, as the weather can still be agreeable.

20. Explore a vibrant local market

No journey in India is complete without a visit to a local market, from the northern landscapes of Kashmir to the southern tip at Kanyakumari. Take a shikara (traditional wooden boat) to experience the lively morning floating vegetable market on Dal Lake in Srinagar, or haggle for jhumkas (earrings) in Chandni Chowk, Delhi, where you'll be enveloped in a whirlwind of colors, sounds, and activity.

Visiting markets in India is a must, as they offer an authentic glimpse into local life, bustling with residents year-round, irrespective of tourist presence. Start your adventure in Delhi's vibrant bazaars: explore Chandni Chowk for clothes and attars (fragrances), Majnu-ka-Tila for Tibetan jewelry, and Khari Baoli, Asia's largest spice market—your garments will carry the aroma of cinnamon and cardamom for days, even after washing!

Other fantastic markets to explore include Mysore's Devaraja Market, the famous Johri Bazar in Jaipur, and Kolkata's Mullick Ghat, which is known as Asia's largest flower market. Don't miss Shillong's Iewduh Market, where bamboo bows and arrows are essential items traded by locals.

Planning tip: Indian markets are notoriously bustling, and the throngs can be intimidating. First-time visitors might consider joining a guided tour. Keep your valuables in a secure money belt to avoid pickpockets, and stay alert for porters maneuvering heavy carts through the crowded aisles.

21. Explore the historic forts and palaces of Rajasthan

With a captivating history of interwoven kingdoms and rival dynasties, Rajasthan boasts some of India's most breathtaking forts and palaces. Over time, royal states vied to outshine each other with magnificent architectural displays and engaged in numerous battles, both among themselves and with outsiders. It wasn't until the mid-1500s that this region, formerly known as 'Rajputana,' was unified under the Mughal emperor Akbar.

Begin your journey at Amber Fort, located on the outskirts of Jaipur, where its warm pink-and yellow walls contrast beautifully against the clear blue sky. Inside, the palace features intricately painted walls, and the Sheesh Mahal (Mirror Palace) reflects the sky through shimmering mirror mosaics. Other notable forts and palaces to visit include Mehrangarh in Jodhpur, Ranthambhore Fort within Ranthambhore National Park, Chittor in Chittorgarh, and Kumbhalgarh in the Aravali Hills.

Planning tip: Be prepared to pay a fee for using a camera inside most fort complexes, although you can usually take photos with your phone for free. While many forts offer elephant rides for sightseeing, it’s advisable to avoid them due to the harm they can cause to the elephants.

22. Immerse yourself in the vibrant energy of India’s festivals

India's incredibly diverse population places religion at the heart of its social structure, and religious festivals invigorate the country’s calendar. Major celebrations like Holi, the spring festival of colors, and Diwali, the festival of lights in October or November, are joyously observed by the predominantly Hindu population. In the eastern part of the country, Durga Puja honors the Hindu goddess Durga, transforming Kolkata into a vibrant hub of activity during the festivities.

Equally significant is Ganesh Chaturthi, a festival dedicated to the elephant-headed god Ganesh, particularly celebrated in Mumbai. Here, massive statues of Ganesh are paraded through the streets before being immersed in the sea amidst great fanfare.

In cities like Delhi, Lucknow, Mumbai, and Hyderabad, the Muslim celebration of Eid marks the end of Ramadan with memorable festivities. Late-night markets come alive, offering a variety of street foods, including Hyderabad's renowned haleem, a hearty stew made with meat and wheat or barley.

Numerous other festivals occur throughout the year, so be sure to research the dates. The harvest festival of Onam, celebrated in August or September, paints the southern state of Kerala in vibrant colors. In Ladakh and areas with significant Tibetan Buddhist communities like Dharamshala or Arunachal Pradesh, the Tibetan New Year festival of Losar brings three days of joyous celebrations, including traditional masked dances at monasteries in February or March.

Planning tip: Many Indian festivals are based on the lunar calendar, resulting in changing dates each year. Islamic festivals shift approximately 11 days earlier each year compared to the Gregorian calendar. Always verify local festival dates to ensure you don’t miss important events.