Thai Basil vs. Sweet Basil: Understanding the Key Differences

Interest in growing herbs at home is booming, offering a chance to explore a variety of unique herbs beyond the usual parsley and cilantro. One standout is Thai basil, a distinct variety that packs a different flavor profile compared to the more familiar Italian basil. Learn how Thai basil and sweet basil differ, and discover how to use them in your kitchen.

What Is Thai Basil?

While sweet basil (or Italian basil) may be the most common variety, basil actually comes in over 100 varieties, some of which have been cultivated for thousands of years. All types of basil belong to the mint family.

Native to Southeast Asia, Thai basil is a staple in the region’s cuisines. With its slightly spicy and licorice-like flavor, it stands apart from other basils. Visually, Thai basil features purple stems and small, rugged leaves with a serrated edge.

Thai Basil vs. Sweet Basil vs. Holy Basil: A Flavorful Comparison

How does Thai basil compare to classic Italian sweet basil? The most noticeable difference is the stem color: Thai basil features a purple stem, while sweet basil has a green one. Thai basil also has firmer, smaller, and narrower leaves compared to the larger, round leaves of sweet basil. This sturdiness allows Thai basil to hold up better when cooking, while sweet basil is typically added fresh at the end of a dish.

In terms of flavor, Thai basil is spicy with a distinct anise or licorice-like taste, whereas sweet basil offers a milder, peppery-sweet flavor. Sweet basil is commonly used in dishes like Genovese-style pesto, where its subtle flavor shines through.

Holy Basil vs. Thai Basil: What’s the Difference?

Can Sweet Basil Replace Thai Basil?

Sweet basil can serve as a substitute for Thai basil in a pinch, but you'll miss the unique flavor punch that Thai basil provides. To compensate, you can add fresh herbs like mint or cilantro, which can help balance the flavor. However, if the dish heavily relies on the distinct taste of Thai basil, such as in Vietnamese Fresh Spring Rolls, it’s best to use the real thing.

Where Can You Find Thai Basil?

Thai basil might be available at larger supermarkets, but your best bet is to visit an Asian or International market. Alternatively, you can grow your own Thai basil at home, just like other fresh herbs.

Uses for Thai Basil

Thai basil is versatile, holding up well whether used fresh or cooked at high temperatures. It’s a key ingredient in many Southeast Asian dishes like panang curry and pho. Try it fresh in a Vermicelli Noodle Bowl or Thai Basil Rolls with Hoisin-Peanut Sauce, or cooked into a flavorful Thai Spicy Basil Chicken Fried Rice. Wherever you need a bold, herbaceous kick, Thai basil is the perfect addition.