What Exactly is a Ham Hock, and What Can You Use in Its Place?

Ham hocks play a crucial role in giving that signature, savory, meaty taste often found in dishes like split pea soup and Southern-style greens. But what exactly is this pork cut, and what can you substitute if you can't find one? Here's what you should know.

What Is a Ham Hock and Where Is It Located on the Pig?

A ham hock, also called a pork knuckle, is the joint that connects a pig's foot to its leg. Though not technically an ankle, its location aligns with that of a human ankle or lower calf region.

It's important not to confuse ham hocks with the pig's shank (shin) or trotters (feet).

How to Cook with Ham Hocks

Ham hocks are mainly used to impart rich flavor to various dishes.

At first glance, a ham hock may not seem particularly appetizing, as it mainly consists of skin, tendons, and ligaments. The meaty portions require extended cooking to become tender and flavorful — but once prepared, the meat is wonderfully juicy and delicious.

That said, ham hocks can be enjoyed on their own. In many traditional European dishes, like German Eisbein or Polish Golonka, they are served whole.

However, ham hocks are most commonly simmered slowly in soups, stews, vegetables, or sauces to infuse them with flavor.

As the ham hock simmers in hot liquid, its collagen and fat melt into the stew, infusing it with a unique, savory, and smoky flavor that’s characteristic of this particular cut.

The humble ham hock plays a vital role in many traditional dishes from the American South. It’s especially important in recipes for collard greens and pinto beans.

Other familiar dishes that rely on the rich, smoky flavor of ham hocks include split pea soup and some navy bean recipes.

Where to Purchase a Ham Hock

Ham hocks are available fresh, though they’re typically cured with salt and smoked to give them that irresistible, bacon-like flavor.

In general, ham hocks are easy to find. They can be found in most grocery stores and butcher shops, often sold in pairs.

The best part is that ham hocks are typically affordable, usually priced just a few dollars per pound.

Ham Hock Substitutes

If you're unable to find a ham hock, don't worry. You can substitute pork shank, smoked bacon, or smoked sausage without drastically altering the flavor of your dish.

If you're avoiding pork, smoked turkey bacon is a great alternative that should work just as well.

Vegetarians may find it challenging to recreate the rich, savory flavor and the satisfying texture that ham hocks provide in stews. If you're making a meat-free version of a recipe that calls for ham hocks, add a bit more oil to make up for the missing fat. You'll also want to increase the salt and seasonings since you won't have the cured pork adding its signature salty, umami flavor. Smoked paprika can also be a great addition to bring back some of the smokiness.