What Is Beltane and What Foods Should You Prepare for It?

Beltane, or Beltain, is an ancient Celtic festival that marks the start of summer. While it's not as widely celebrated today as it was centuries ago, it's still an important occasion for many pagans worldwide, particularly in the British Isles and Ireland, where it’s also known as Gaelic May Day.

If you're interested in learning more about this ancient fire festival, continue reading. We'll dive into its origins, how it’s celebrated today, and, most importantly, what dishes to prepare for Beltane.

What Exactly Is Beltane?

The name Beltane, which may stem from Celtic words meaning 'bright fire' and 'shining,' originated in the Gaelic communities of northwestern Europe. The celebration occurs between the spring equinox and the summer solstice, marking the start of the warmer season and the traditional movement of livestock to summer pastures.

Beltane also celebrates fertility and protection, symbolizing the arrival of the growing season and the safeguarding of crops as new life emerges.

This celebration is known as a fire festival, often highlighted by a large bonfire. In some areas where a bonfire isn't feasible, smaller torches or candles are used to represent the same fiery spirit.

In ancient Beltane rituals, two massive bonfires were lit. Cattle were driven between them as part of a cleansing ritual. This was believed to bless the animals before they were released into the summer pastures. Particularly in Ireland, this act was also seen as protection against the aos sí (faeries) who were thought to steal milk or spoil dairy products. These rituals were accompanied by regional practices to safeguard crops and people during the season ahead.

When Is Beltane Celebrated?

Beltane takes place every year on May 1, coinciding with the widely recognized May Day celebration.

What to Serve for Beltane

Beltane celebrations, both in ancient times and today, are often centered around a grand feast. Traditionally, some food and drink would be set aside for the aos sí as a sign of respect and reverence.

Animal-Based Dishes

Livestock such as cows and goats were central to the Beltane festivities, making them an ideal choice for your feast's main course. Consider preparing a dish to cook over the bonfire, like Mom's Beef Shish Kabobs, or try slow-roasting a goat leg for a truly unique offering.

Since butter and milk are honored during Beltane rituals, include them in your sides. Make fresh butter or garlic butter to serve with bread, and finish the meal with a warm, spiced glass of honey-infused milk for a sweet touch. And remember, a little milk poured on the ground will help appease the aos sí spirits.

Oatcakes

Bannock, a traditional Scottish oatcake, is a popular dish during Beltane. According to legend, eating one on Beltane morning will ensure a bountiful harvest and healthy livestock. While the classic method involves cooking over fire embers with stones placed on top, our modern bannock recipe makes it easy to bake in the oven.

Spices

Beltane celebrates fire and warmth, so why not bring some heat to your feast as well? Serve spicy dishes to add some excitement to your meal. Kick things off with spicy stuffed mushrooms, or stir a spoonful of fiery pepper spread into your favorite dip for a zesty twist.

Beverages

No Beltane celebration is complete without some drinks to match the festive spirit. A classic choice that pays tribute to the ancient Celts is mead, available in the wine section of many well-stocked stores. Alternatively, whip up a batch of refreshing beverages with one of our best summertime cocktail recipes, perfect for marking the start of the season.