What Is Catnip — And Does It Have the Same Effect on People?

If you share your home with a cat, you've probably seen firsthand the amusing, strange, and sometimes downright surprising reactions catnip can trigger in your furry companion.

If you're curious, you might wonder how catnip affects cats — and whether it has the same effect on humans. Here's what you should know.

What Exactly Is Catnip?

Catnip, scientifically known as Nepeta cataria, is a perennial herb from the mint family. It originates from regions in southern and eastern Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and parts of China.

Catnip is a plant that can grow several feet tall and blooms from late spring through fall. With its green, triangular leaves featuring jagged edges, it closely resembles other herbs in the mint family.

What Effect Does It Have on Cats?

Catnip contains a compound called nepetalactone, which is responsible for attracting cats. This compound is found in the tiny bulbs that cover the plant's leaves and stems.

When cats encounter catnip, whether fresh or dried, it activates their brain's "happy" receptors. Cats will often roll around, meow loudly, leap, run, kick, and engage in other excited behaviors after inhaling the scent.

Consuming catnip, however, tends to have a more calming effect. If your cat appears to space out after eating some 'nip, don't worry — they’re just enjoying their high. These effects typically last between 10 to 15 minutes.

Is Catnip Harmful?

If you have a laid-back cat, you might get worried when they suddenly start acting wild after sniffing catnip.

But rest assured, catnip is completely safe in any quantity — so relax and enjoy the entertaining display.

Why Doesn't Catnip Affect My Cat?

Interestingly, only about two-thirds of domestic cats are affected by catnip. Experts believe this response (or lack of it) is genetic.

How Does Catnip Affect People?

If you've ever been tempted to sample your cat's catnip, hold off for a moment.

Fortunately (or unfortunately, depending on your perspective), human and cat brains are quite different. While catnip reliably stimulates sensory neurons in cats, there’s no solid evidence that it affects people in the same way.

That said, there is some anecdotal evidence suggesting that catnip might act as a mild sedative for humans. Historically, the herb has been used in various ways: Native Americans used it to soothe colicky infants, and in the 1960s, people sometimes used it as a substitute for or filler in marijuana.

Catnip Tea

Today, people who consume catnip usually enjoy it as a soothing tea. This herbal drink is commonly believed to help with anxiety, insomnia, and digestive issues.

You can buy catnip tea bags or easily make your own at home. Here's how to brew your own catnip tea:

1. Place 1-2 teaspoons of dried catnip into a teacup.
2. Pour in hot (but not boiling) water.
3. Allow it to steep for 10-15 minutes.

Other Ways to Use Catnip

Unlike cats, mosquitoes and flies dislike catnip. Many people use the plant as a natural insect repellent.

If you decide to grow catnip in your garden, be aware: while it may solve your insect problem, unless you've always wanted to host a feline Woodstock in your yard, you might want to consider planting citronella instead.