10 essential tips for visiting Peru

Peru boasts incredible biodiversity, presenting endless opportunities for adventure and cultural exploration, but it can also lead to confusion and challenges for unprepared travelers.

Whether you choose to explore the capital or embark on a journey through its diverse regions, having local knowledge is invaluable. Here are some key insights to consider before your trip to Peru.

1. Lima is Peru’s sole international airport

Until the Chinchero Airport (located about 45 minutes from Cuzco) is completed, all international travelers to Peru will land first in the Lima metropolitan area, specifically at Jorge Chávez International Airport.

The taxi ride from the airport to San Isidro, Miraflores, or Barranco—Lima’s tourist-friendly districts—typically takes about 40 minutes outside of peak hours.

Avoid hailing a taxi right outside the arrivals area or from the hectic street just beyond the airport; instead, opt for one of the authorized companies located just after customs. For budget-conscious travelers, the Airport Express Lima bus is the safest choice (providing transfers to and from Miraflores only).

2. The shoulder seasons are ideal for visiting Cuzco

The Cuzco region experiences two distinct seasons: the rainy season (November to April) and the dry season (May to October). During the rainy months, picturesque areas like the Sacred Valley become verdant with native crops, while tourism tends to be lower.

However, the wet conditions from January to March can make trekking particularly challenging and, in some cases, hazardous.

The dry season is perfect for hiking and various adventure sports, but this also coincides with peak tourist activity. When is the best time to visit Cuzco? Consider the shoulder months, either just before the rains begin in October or at the end of the rainy season in May.

3. Plan your visit to Machu Picchu, Huayna Picchu, and the Inca Trail well in advance

Can you find last-minute tickets to Machu Picchu? It’s possible, but given that it’s Peru’s top tourist destination, it’s not wise to take that chance.

Aim to buy your entry ticket at least a month ahead of time, particularly if you intend to visit the UNESCO World Heritage Site between June and August, which are peak months for international tourists.

While you're at it, consider adding a ticket to Huayna Picchu, the towering peak that features prominently in classic views of Machu Picchu. Only 200 visitors per day are allowed to tackle the steep, hour-long hike that rewards you with a stunning aerial perspective of the archaeological site.

The dry months in Cuzco also mark the high season for one of Peru’s most thrilling treks, the Inca Trail. This hike necessitates a permit that can only be obtained through an organized tour. Remember, the trail is closed every February for maintenance.

4. In Peru, a single cheek kiss suffices for greetings and farewells

For some visitors, this form of greeting might feel a bit too intimate, while others – particularly Italians – might find it lacking.

When meeting someone of the opposite gender or among two women, Peruvians typically offer an air kiss on one cheek. Due to the influence of machismo culture, men usually greet each other with a handshake and a hug.

Make sure to greet everyone, whether with a hug or an air kiss, when entering or leaving a gathering; failing to do so may come off as rude.

5. Always have soles and centimos handy, particularly outside major tourist areas

While credit cards and payment apps are widely accepted in bustling cities like Lima and Cuzco, it's essential to keep local currency (sol) accessible at all times.

Visiting open-air markets, such as those in Lima's Surquillo area and the San Pedro market in Cuzco, is a must, where vendors typically prefer cash. While there, consider getting a small coin purse, as public transport and restrooms often require pocket change.

In towns off the usual tourist trail, such as Tumbes in the north or Ayacucho in south-central Peru, carrying cash is essential.

6. While tipping isn't a local tradition, it doesn't mean you shouldn't do it

In Peru, there’s no set rule for tipping when dining out. However, it's perfectly acceptable for visitors to tip their waitstaff, baristas, or hosts according to their discretion, even if tipping isn't a widespread custom.

7. Your watch doesn’t need adjusting; it’s just ‘hora Peruana’

La hora Peruana refers to the cultural norm of Peruvians arriving late – often not just 15 minutes, but sometimes over an hour behind schedule.

This term is commonly used among Peruvians and expats alike, reflecting the shared experience of dealing with friends, landlords, or colleagues who promise to arrive in the morning but don’t show up until after lunch.

While la hora Peruana is a broad stereotype, it’s wise to be prepared for the possibility that someone you’ve arranged to meet may not arrive on time—or anywhere close to it.

8. Always carry extra toilet paper – but remember, don’t flush it!

Public restrooms in Peru are notorious among travelers. From toilets without seats to basic holes in the ground, the experiences can be quite varied, but they are manageable.

Practice proper restroom etiquette by disposing of toilet paper in the wastebasket instead of flushing it. Many public restrooms may not provide toilet paper, so carry a small roll in your bag, or be ready to pay 50 cents for a few sheets at the entrance.

9. Be mindful of your gut health when eating and drinking

Let’s face it, one of the reasons you chose Peru is likely due to its renowned culinary scene.

Your taste buds will be delighted by the fiery ají pepper in ceviche, the sizzling sounds of suri (palm-weevil larvae), or the pink foam atop a glass of frutillada (traditional chicha, or fermented corn beer blended with strawberries) – classic street food, depending on the region of Peru you explore.

With street food – especially drinks, since Peru lacks clean tap water – there's always a chance of experiencing “traveler’s stomach.” If you’re unsure, it’s best to hold off and wait until you can try that tempting dish at a trusted restaurant.

10. Dedicate a full day (or even two) to acclimatize before engaging in any high-altitude activities

Regardless of how well you’ve trained at sea level before your trip, reaching high-altitude places like Cuzco – 3399m (11,152ft) above sea level – can be quite challenging.

And what could be worse than dealing with dizziness, nausea, and other symptoms of soroche (altitude sickness) that might prevent you from tackling bucket-list hikes like Vinicunca, which sits at 5200m (17,060ft) above sea level?

When organizing your itinerary, make sure to allow a day or two for acclimatization before attempting any strenuous activities. Keep hydrated and steer clear of heavy meals and alcohol. Whether you opt for altitude pills or not, consider local remedies like muña tea and coca leaves.