7 Must-Visit Destinations While Exploring Türkiye

Editor’s note: On February 6, 2023, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck southeastern Türkiye and northwestern Syria, resulting in over 50,000 fatalities as of this writing. Many organizations are actively providing aid in the aftermath and are accepting donations. Here’s information about traveling to the country and how you can contribute. According to our sources in Türkiye, the majority of the country remained unaffected by the earthquake, and tourism continues to be a vital sector for the national economy. Dinogo has resumed publishing articles that celebrate all that Türkiye has to offer.

Türkiye is a remarkable destination rich in history, culture, and adventure that spans centuries. From the stunning landscapes along the Aegean coast to ancient ruins by the Black Sea, this diverse nation has something for everyone. Various civilizations and global powers—such as the Persians, Greeks, Romans, and Lycians—have shaped its history, each leaving a lasting imprint. In Bodrum, travelers can wander through the ruins and resorts lining the Turquoise coast, while in Trabzon, set in the mountains by Türkiye’s Black Sea, they can visit an ancient monastery. They may also explore the legendary site of Troy, associated with figures like Achilles and Helen of Troy, located near Çanakkale in the North Aegean. Just offshore, Bozcaada offers a charming seaside getaway with exquisite wineries and pristine beaches. When it comes to captivating destinations, Türkiye is hard to surpass.

Cappadocia

From the charming cobblestone streets of Göreme to its whimsical “fairy chimneys,” Cappadocia is home to a range of intriguing cultural and geological marvels. It invites exploration both above and below ground, featuring castle-like cliffs, towering rock formations, and a subterranean maze of caves concealing ancient monasteries. With roots tracing back to the 8th century B.C.E., this region holds entire cities beneath its surface, such as Kaymakli, which once provided refuge for local Christians from Arab forces during the Arab-Byzantine Wars nearly 2,000 years ago. Meanwhile, the view from above reveals a spectacular scene of hot air balloons drifting across the sky at sunrise. No trip is complete without sampling the region’s distinctive dishes, from aside, a local dessert crafted from grape molasses and flour, to pottery kebab, which features meat slow-cooked in ceramic and served to you after being broken open at the table.

Accommodations

Consider staying at Argos in Cappadocia, a beautifully restored thousand-year-old monastery that seamlessly blends into the rugged terrain surrounding Uçhisar Castle, a hilltop fortress that flourished during the Roman Empire and offers the highest vantage points in the region. Unwind by the fire in its new restaurant, Nahita, which prides itself on using fresh ingredients sourced from within a 35-mile radius and serves exquisite wines from its own vineyard of the same name.

For a touch of luxury, choose either the private plunge pool cave suites or the stunning hot tub suite featuring large windows that overlook the breathtaking landscape, allowing you to indulge in one of humanity’s oldest settlements.

Kaş

This coastal town along the Turquoise coast was established by the ancient Lycian civilization thousands of years ago. With its stunning beaches and striking mountains, Kaş has become one of Türkiye's most popular seaside retreats. The charming old town is adorned with Ottoman-era wooden homes and whitewashed stone buildings draped in bougainvillea. Historic sites abound, including the Lions Tomb, a Lycian sarcophagus from the 4th century B.C.E. located near the harbor. Visitors can relax at eateries like Oburus Momus, a vibrant vegan spot, and L’Apero, a French-Turkish fusion restaurant offering local mussels with herbs and tarts made from garden-fresh fruits on a lively terrace.

A highlight of Kaş is spending a day sailing to the ancient sunken city of Kekova with Sail in Kaş. This area boasts countless rugged coves and submerged historical sites that are best explored by boat. Often referred to as the diving capital of Türkiye, Kaş is a diver's paradise.

Trabzon

Nestled on Türkiye’s Black Sea coast, Trabzon is celebrated for its rich history and cultural heritage. From Greek and Armenian churches to Byzantine monasteries and Ottoman villas, the city offers a glimpse into nearly every era since around the 8th century B.C.E. The landscape is notably more verdant than the southern plains, set along a wide bay of the Black Sea and surrounded by lush forests. A must-see is the Byzantine Sümela Monastery, dramatically perched on the Medetsiz Mountains, offering breathtaking views of the Altindere Valley. Another notable attraction is Calkoy Cave, accessible by boat or via a scenic hike along the river. To connect with local artisans and farmers, visit Avrupali Pazari, a bustling covered market where you can find fresh produce and handmade crafts from talented locals who bring their goods daily.

Bodrum

This glamorous seaside destination is often referred to as the St. Tropez of Türkiye, and it’s easy to see why—with its lavish five-star hotels that attract celebrities. However, beyond its glitzy facade lies a welcoming charm and a captivating history as a significant port city. Thriving under Persian dominance in the 5th century B.C.E., Bodrum has witnessed many regime changes while remaining a vital coastal hub. The iconic Bodrum Castle still proudly overlooks the rocky peninsula, originally constructed in the 15th century by Christian knights and now home to the Museum of Underwater Archaeology.

While steeped in history, Bodrum is also a perfect spot to unwind and bask in the sun. Visit Camel Beach for its crystal-clear blue-green waters and golden sands, ideal for enjoying a good book. Alternatively, savor a leisurely meal at one of the local meyhanes (taverns), where you can indulge in traditional dishes accompanied by a wide array of hot and cold mezes.

Where to stay

For a lavish getaway, consider Susona Bodrum, located on its private coastline just north of the city, offering the perfect blend of boutique charm and luxury. In the nearby boho-chic district of Gümüşlük, inviting eateries like Mimoza Gümüşlük attract visitors with stunning sunset views over the Aegean.

Mardin

The ancient city of Mardin is a culturally vibrant destination in Türkiye's far southeast. Established by the Assyrians over 4,000 years ago, it has witnessed Persian, Roman, and Byzantine rule before becoming a key trade hub during the Ottoman Empire. The skyline is adorned with stunning examples of Ottoman architecture, including citadels, mosques, and madrasas perched on steep mountains overlooking the Mesopotamian plains. Notably, the DeyrulzDinogoan Monastery, locally known as the “Saffron Monastery,” features striking golden brickwork that can be seen from miles away. As you wander the narrow cobblestone streets, you'll uncover hidden gems like Mar Hirmiz Keldani Kilisesi, an ancient chapel surrounded by soaring minarets.

Mardin is also renowned for its exceptional cuisine. Indulge at Cercis Murat Konağı, led by acclaimed chef Ebru Baybara Demir, who made history by ranking in the top 10 for the Basque Culinary Prize in both 2017 and 2018. Savor meze dishes such as alluciye (sour plum stew) and succulent leg of lamb with almonds, garlic, and allspice, complemented by a memorable Assyrian wine like Öküzgözü, all while enjoying breathtaking sunset views over the city’s rooftops.

Where to stay

Retreat for the night to Mirsoum Hotels, set in a traditional stone building surrounding a charming courtyard. The softly lit rooms feature freestanding bathtubs, perfect for soaking in the day’s experiences.

Doğu Express from Ankara to Kars

For an unforgettable overland adventure that rivals more famous train journeys, the Doğu Express or Eastern Express spans over 800 miles from one side of Türkiye to the other. The eastern terminus of this line is Kars, a city steeped in a rich and complex history that stretches back centuries.

This picturesque train ride from Ankara to Kars features cozy two-berth sleeping compartments and lasts approximately 30 hours, making it ideal for breaking up the journey with one or two memorable stops, such as İliç to explore Karanlık or “Dark” Canyon, a dramatic gorge, and Erzurum, a lively city known as the heart of Türkiye’s far eastern region.

Gaze out the window to enjoy breathtaking views of alpine meadows, expansive valleys, and ancient ruins. From Kars, there are numerous rewarding day trips to take. Discover the nearby ruins of Ani, once the capital of Armenian civilization a millennium ago and one of the largest cities of its time. Alternatively, venture to Doğubayazıt at the base of Mount Ararat, where the stunning 17th-century Ishak Pasha Palace awaits.

The North Aegean coast (Foça, Troy, Bozcaada)

The North Aegean coast, located north of the glamorous Turquoise coast cities, is a hidden gem ready for exploration. This area boasts several lively beach towns, perfect for those seeking a mix of relaxation and adventure. Unwind by the shore, engage in outdoor pursuits like hiking, biking, and sailing, and visit historical sites on smaller islands such as Bozcaada and charming seaside villages like Foça.

Bozcaada serves as a sanctuary for those looking to escape the hustle of urban life, where visitors can wander through monasteries and indulge in the delightful offerings of local wineries. Each early autumn, the tranquil island bursts into activity with the international Bozcaada Jazz Festival, a three-day event that draws in thousands of attendees.

Just south of Çanakkale lies the ancient city of Troy, a place that has captivated explorers for centuries. Originating in the Bronze Age, this archaeological site is even more intriguing due to the myriad stories it has inspired, including Homer’s Iliad. Its former status as a powerful kingdom was bolstered by its strategically advantageous location amid mountains.

Further down the coast is Foça, a picturesque fishing village located north of Izmir, embraced by water on three sides. With the soothing sound of waves crashing against the rugged shore at sunset, it’s an ideal spot for relaxation—yet be sure to visit its historical landmarks like the Temples of Athena and Foça Castle, and savor the fresh seafood available in the area.