S3, E15: The Surge of Native Tourism—Discovering How to Visit Mindfully

In this episode of Unpacked, we delve into the realm of Native tourism. With a rise in interest since the pandemic, many non-Native travelers often have questions regarding language, traditions, and more. Today, we discuss destinations and how to explore them respectfully.

Transcript

Aislyn: You’re tuned in to Unpacked by Dinogo.

Sherry Rupert, CEO of AIANTA: Our educational system doesn’t cover much about Native peoples. The COVID pandemic taught us to pause and reflect on what truly matters. Exploring our local surroundings and discovering Indian Country is vital. Seeing Native communities featured prominently in the news, especially the Navajo nation, has sparked curiosity in many to visit our homelands and appreciate the beauty of our landscapes and culture.

Aislyn: That's Sherry Rupert.

Sherry: I belong to the Paiute and Washoe tribes from Nevada, and I serve as the CEO of the American Indian Alaska Native Tourism Association.

Aislyn: I’m Aislyn Greene. This week on Unpacked, we’re diving into the realm of Native tourism. We’ll connect with individuals like Sherry, who believe in the positive impact travel can have on Native communities. Recently, we’ve seen a notable increase in this type of tourism. Today, we’ll explore some amazing experiences available across various Native nations in the U.S. and address common questions from non-Native travelers eager to visit but unsure of the protocols. Questions include: Is it okay to attend a powwow? What language should I speak? Can I take photographs?

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Aislyn Tourism can significantly boost the economies of Native communities, which have historically been overlooked in the tourism sector.

Sherry: In this country, tourism funding primarily comes from room tax revenues. However, many of our 574 Native nations lack hotels, which means they miss out on collecting these funds that could benefit the tourism sector. Without financial contributions, Indigenous destinations often get overlooked in marketing and promotional efforts.

Aislyn: For over twenty years, Sherry has been working to change this situation. She has spent a significant portion of that time with the American Indian Alaska Native Tourism Association, which we can refer to as AIANTA for brevity.

Sherry: Our organization was founded around 1998 by tribes for tribes to tackle the disparities in the tourism industry. It brought together like-minded individuals who recognized the potential of tourism, particularly cultural tourism, for our Native nations and communities across the nation.

Aislyn: There’s so much knowledge non-Native travelers can gain, including myself. Even better, tourism plays a vital role in cultural preservation.

Sherry: We’ve witnessed the economic advantages for our tribal communities. However, the most crucial aspect is the preservation of our culture through tourism. By educating others about who we are as Native peoples, we also engage our youth in learning our languages and continuing our traditions.

Aislyn: This is crucial, as, unfortunately, there's still a significant amount of misunderstanding about Native history and contemporary life, which Sherry has experienced firsthand.

Sherry: When the National Museum of the American Indian opened in Washington, D.C., I felt an incredible sense of pride as an Indigenous person visiting this magnificent building dedicated to our people and history. While I was there, I overheard a woman with her daughter looking at the exhibits. The little girl asked, "Mommy, are there any Indians left?" Her mother replied, "No, honey, they’re all gone." It was like a punch to the gut, realizing that many in this country believe we no longer exist. We need to change that perception.

Aislyn: Over the years, Sherry has done extensive traveling across the country to experience what Native communities have to offer. For instance, she has stayed at Shash Dine in Arizona.

Sherry: At Shash Dine, you can fully immerse yourself in the Navajo experience by staying in a traditional earthen log hogan, enjoying authentic meals, listening to Navajo storytelling, and participating in sunrise photography tours.

Aislyn: Shash Dine is also a functioning sheep ranch.

Sherry: I never imagined I would develop an interest in sheepdogs. However, hearing how they manage the sheep, their routines, and how they teach other dogs the essentials of care was incredibly fascinating.

Aislyn: She has also experienced traditional housing while staying in South Dakota.

Sherry: The Lakota Youth Development offers cultural experiences in tipis. You can actually stay in a tepee, which is part of a youth-led initiative on the Rosebud reservation in South Dakota.

Aislyn: Alright, I’m convinced about the sheepdogs and spending a night in a tepee. I asked Sherry: Where should one start?

Sherry: A great way to begin is by doing some research. Look for communities that welcome visitors, and I recommend checking out nativeamerica.travel for good resources.

Aislyn: Nativeamerica.travel is the dedicated website created by AIANTA for travelers. It features a Google translation tool, an impressive map for planning itineraries, and even a mobile app for on-the-go use. Additionally, AIANTA has developed another crucial resource.

Sherry: We’ve also compiled 15 cultural protocols to understand before visiting Native homelands in the U.S.

Aislyn: These protocols are incredibly useful, covering everything from appropriate vocabulary to proper etiquette.

Sherry: People often inquire, "What is the preferred term?" Is it American Indian, Native American, or Indigenous? What defines Indian Country? Where is it located? What activities are available in Indian Country beyond gaming and gambling? And what are the rules for taking photographs?

Aislyn: I’ll provide a link to the complete list in the show notes. Sherry also advises that if you’re ever uncertain about something, don’t hesitate to seek assistance.

Sherry: Many people might hesitate to visit because they feel uninformed. I always emphasize that it’s a chance to learn, and it’s perfectly fine to admit you don’t know something. It’s better to ask questions rather than risk misunderstanding. The tourism destinations are aware of this and are more than happy to provide answers.

Aislyn: So, are you ready to explore? Let’s discover these places and meet the people who cherish them.

Garan Coons, communications officer for the Winnebago tribe: My name is Agita Gia Hokshila, which translates to Flying Soldier Boy in Lakota. I was given this name by a veteran, and my English name is Garan Coons.

Aislyn: Garan grew up in Winnebago, Nebraska, and currently serves as the communications officer for the Winnebago tribe.

Garan: We’re not originally from Nebraska; our roots are in Wisconsin. We were forcibly relocated by the federal government more than seven times, particularly during the Jackson administration, which led to open allotment practices. Many Native families sold their land to local farmers during that time. Today, our mission is to reclaim some of that land.

Aislyn: Garan shared that there are roughly 1,700 tribal members on the reservation, with an additional 3,500 scattered across the nation. Winnebago is located just 30 minutes south of Sioux City, Iowa. Within Winnebago, you can find a small museum named the Angel De Cora Museum. On weekends, visitors can schedule a tour with the curator, Ben Crawford, and explore the 12 Clan Sculpture Garden, which serves as a kind of town square. The twelve sculptures narrate the tribe's history.

Garan: Before the Winnebago tribe adopted what’s known as the IRA constitution, each of the 12 clans had specific responsibilities. For instance, my father belongs to the Bear clan, which served as the tribe's security and protectors. The Wolf clan was associated with healing, acting as the medicine men, while the Buffalo clan served as our communicators, representing the tribe's voice. Though we still maintain some of these roles, we're also adapting to contemporary society.

Aislyn: Additionally, there's the Many Moccasins Dance Troupe, whose members perform throughout Nebraska to help challenge stereotypes.

Garan: The Many Moccasins dance troupe was established for that purpose: to educate Nebraskans and everyone we encounter. We want people to understand that we are diverse, each with our unique cultures, and that our dance reflects that heritage.

Aislyn: There are 574 Native nations in the United States, each with its own language, songs, customs, and traditions. However, many non-Native individuals often perceive Native people as a single, homogeneous group.

Garan: At one of our performances, a young boy raised his hand and asked, "Do the rain dance! I know you can do it because you’re Indians, right?" We replied, "Well, we don’t perform rain dances here because that could lead to flooding. However, some tribes in the Southwest, where rain is less common, may have similar traditions. It’s important to understand that water is sacred to us, and while it’s a valid question, there are many different tribes with their own customs."

Aislyn: Visitors can take part in the annual Winnebago Homecoming Celebration each summer. This year's event will be held from July 28 to July 30. It commemorates the return of Chief Little Priest, the last war chief of the Winnebago tribe, who was honored 158 years ago when the government attempted to relocate the tribe from their lands.

Garan: The Winnebago tribe acted as a buffer between the Omaha tribe and an enemy tribe to the north. The federal government and the army suggested, "Why not assist us in scouting? If you do, you can remain here in Winnebago." Tragically, Chief Little Priest accepted this role but was fatally wounded in battle. Despite this, we honor him with a celebration every year.

Aislyn: Those are the sounds of the annual Oneida Nation powwow, a summer dance competition and celebration held in the Oneida Nation of northeastern Wisconsin. The Oneida Nation is one of the 11 tribes in the state.

Kirby Metoxin, council member Oneida Nation: We originally came from New York and migrated to Wisconsin in the early 1800s. Our tribal logo proudly states 1822, marking our journey from New York to Wisconsin. We once held about 6 million acres in upstate New York, then moved in waves to Wisconsin, with 654 Oneidas making the trip. Our original reservation boundaries cover 65,400 acres.

Aislyn: This is Kirby Metoxin, a council member of the Oneida Nation. He spent 25 years as a tour guide and now serves on various boards, including the Native American Tourism of Wisconsin. The Oneida Nation has taken impressive steps in tourism development.

Kirby: I believe we were the first tribe in Wisconsin to establish our own tourism department.

Aislyn: You can visit the Oneida Museum today, explore one of the five original log cabins, or check out a replica of a longhouse. If you're interested in larger events, don't miss the Apple Fest in September.

Kirby: We have our own apple orchard with approximately 32 different varieties of apples available for picking.

Aislyn: Alternatively, you can participate in the corn harvest celebration in October.

Kirby: They offer various sessions, such as the history of white corn and the art of making corn husk dolls. You also learn to braid corn, and at some point, you'll head out to the field for hand-picking.

Aislyn: One of the most popular activities is joining a powwow.

Kirby: Every tribe in Wisconsin hosts a powwow that is open to the public. Some are more traditional, while others include competitions where dancers perform for cash prizes.

Aislyn: If you're new to this, you'll receive guidance throughout the experience.

Kirby: In the power circle, the MC oversees everything. He announces categories like, "Now we have the traditional men's category. Next up, the men grass dancers, so get ready." He also highlights any special moments, such as honoring someone with an eagle feather or Pendleton, saying, "Everyone, please stand as we honor this family."

Aislyn: There’s one crucial thing to keep in mind.

Kirby: At a powwow, it's courteous to ask before taking someone's picture.

Aislyn: This is where prior research becomes important. Some tribes may require a permit for photography, so do some online checking beforehand. Always ask for permission, or simply set your camera aside and soak in the experience, as Monique Fragua advises.

Monique Fragua, COO Indian Pueblo Cultural Center: As travelers, we often feel the urge to capture every moment, but it's essential to pause and fully experience it. Embrace the memory in your heart instead of just thinking about sharing it later.

Aislyn: Monique is the COO of the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and she always sports stunning jewelry.

Monique: In 2003, I committed to a New Year’s resolution to exclusively wear Native American art as a way to honor and celebrate those traditions.

Aislyn: Could you tell me about the art you’re wearing right now? I'm really loving your earrings.

Monique: These earrings are from the Santo Domingo Pueblo, featuring a shell backing, which is quite lovely. I’m also wearing a turquoise ring set in sterling silver and a bracelet by Aaron Brokeshoulder, which is stamped on the inside. The connections to art here in New Mexico and the Southwest are truly special.

Aislyn: The Pueblo people have inhabited New Mexico for over 700 years.

Monique: The 19 Pueblos of New Mexico consist of various Native American groups, tribes, nations, and bands, each recognized as sovereign nations. These Pueblos stretch along the Rio Grande Valley, from the northern mountains of Taos to the southern Pueblo of Isleta, and out west to the Pueblo of Zuni, the westernmost Pueblo.

Aislyn: The cultural center serves as a gateway to the pueblos, offering unique Native American art and jewelry in the gift shop. Visitors can enjoy blue corn dishes, gelato, and bison cabbage stew at the Indian Pueblo Kitchen. It's also the perfect spot to prepare for a visit to one of the pueblos.

Monique: Our aim is to craft experiences for our guests that are rich in culture. We invite them here first to ensure they learn the appropriate Pueblo etiquette, the do's and don'ts of visiting a Pueblo community, and to emphasize that tourism is driven by the community itself.

Aislyn: For Monique and the center, it’s essential to prioritize one key aspect.

Monique: It’s important to remember that our Pueblo communities are vibrant, living places, not mere exhibits. Guests often express a desire to immerse themselves in Pueblo culture, but we always remind them that it’s through the perspective of a living, breathing community, and they should be respectful and mindful of that.

Aislyn: Some pueblos are entirely closed to the public, and others that are typically accessible may sometimes be temporarily shut down.

Monique: When we are closed, we hope our guests don’t feel let down or think they’ve missed out. Often, closures are due to cultural reasons or other significant events that take precedence over hosting visitors.

Aislyn: At the center, you can also inquire about language, which many, including myself, find challenging. Monique mentions that vocabulary evolves over time.

Monique: Some people wonder about the terms 'Indian' and 'Pueblo' in Indian Pueblo Cultural Center, and I try to clarify that. I often reference the era in which certain terms were prevalent. For example, in the 1970s, during the American Indian Movement, 'Indian' was commonly used. It’s not for us to judge if that was right or wrong; it simply reflects that time.

As time passed, the terminology shifted from American Indian to Native American, then Indigenous, and finally to Native. I believe 'Native American' is the most widely accepted term, though younger individuals might prefer 'Native.' It illustrates the evolution of language.

Aislyn: Monique also suggests that simply listening is valuable.

Monique: I believe that when we step into new and especially cultural spaces, we should take a moment to pause and listen to those around us. At the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center, we provide a safe environment where people can ask questions and receive proper guidance.

Aislyn: This relates back to what she mentioned about pueblos being living, breathing, and evolving entities, which applies to any Native community we might visit.

Monique: When visiting a culture that has thrived for millennia, those meaningful moments are not created by the commercialization of culture. They exist regardless of visitor presence. For example, our Pueblo Feast Days are celebrated year after year, not as a showcase or commodity, but as a prayer in our Pueblo communities. Even without guests, the celebration would carry on.

Aislyn: These experiences are just the start. Remember, there are over 500 Native nations in this country. Seeking these experiences supports communities that are committed to tourism and broadens our worldview. Here’s Sherry from AIANTA.

Sherry: We can get trapped in how we perceive ourselves. Travel has a way of expanding our horizons and perspectives on what truly exists out there. The same applies to our Native Nations and communities; when people visit us, they begin to understand our deep connection to the land, water, and environment. We can all learn from one another in this regard.

Aislyn: My visit to the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center in Albuquerque last year was a standout moment of my trip. I enjoyed amazing food, met fantastic people, and discovered some remarkable movements taking place across the state. We'll share links to all the experiences we discussed in this episode.

If possible, check whether the tribe or nation you’re visiting has a Native-owned and operated hotel. This way, any taxes and fees you incur will go straight back into the community, supporting future tourism initiatives.

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This has been Unpacked, a production of Dinogo Media. The podcast is brought to you by Aislyn Greene and Nikki Galteland, with music composed by Chris Colin. Remember: The world is complex, and we're here to help you navigate it.