Top 9 Destinations to Explore in Uzbekistan

Situated at the intersection of the ancient Silk Road, Uzbekistan is renowned for its breathtaking historical architecture, magnificent mosques and medressas, along with Soviet modernism, a vibrant arts and crafts scene, a rich cultural heritage, and the warm hospitality of its people. 

The continental climate offers four unique seasons, making it an ideal place for nature escapes and exploring hidden gems that create unforgettable memories.

Here are our top picks for must-visit locations in Uzbekistan, focusing on architecture, culture, nature, and artistic experiences.

1. Registan, Samarkand

Ideal for Stunning Architecture

The historic Registan Square in Samarkand captivates first-time visitors more than any other site in Uzbekistan. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, the square features three magnificent medressas—the Ulugbek, Sherdor, and Tilla-Kori—collectively serving as a university for Islamic scholars. The term Registan translates to 'a sandy place.' Since the Timurid era, it has been a gathering spot for people, where significant announcements were made and pivotal moments in Uzbekistan’s history unfolded. 

Samarkand is home to numerous other historical sites, such as the Bibi-Khanym Mosque, the Shah-i-Zinda Necropolis, the Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum, and Ulugbek’s Observatory, all of which are well worth exploring. While a single day may suffice to see the main attractions, allowing two days or more lets you appreciate the local pace of life, engage with artisans, and enjoy some tea and traditional dishes.

Insider Tip: Opened in 2022, Samarkand International Airport is the second-largest airport in the country and serves as a convenient gateway to Uzbekistan. Airlines such as Turkish Airlines, WizzAir, AirDubai, FlyAirstan, Jazeera Air, and several local carriers offer regular flights to this modern facility. From Samarkand, it’s simple to navigate the country by train to Bukhara, Khiva, and Nukus, and then return to the capital, Tashkent, by air.

2. Bukhara

Ideal for History Enthusiasts 

In Samarkand, you might find an ancient mosque next to a modern office tower, but Bukhara’s old city truly transports you back in time. A UNESCO World Heritage site, this historical area retains an authentic charm, featuring ageless mosques, minarets, medressas, craft workshops, caravanserais, and local eateries. Centered around an artificial pool known as Labi Hovuz, the main square exudes a unique ambiance, perfect for appreciating the architecture, savoring local cuisine, sipping tea, enjoying ice cream, haggling with souvenir vendors, or simply relaxing on a sunlit bench.

Bukhara boasts numerous must-see attractions. Be sure to visit the Ark, the former palace of the Bukhara Emir, the stunning medressas of Mir-i-Arab, Nadir Divanbegi, and Abdul Aziz Khan, the impressive Kalon Minaret, and the magnificent Sitorai Mohi Hosa summer palace. 

Although Bukhara may appear small on the map, it warrants at least two full days of exploration. This city reveals endless layers of discovery with each visit.

Travel tip: Rich in culture and history, Bukhara offers a multitude of experiences best enjoyed in spring and autumn, when temperatures are mild.

3. The Savitsky Museum in Nukus

A must-visit for art enthusiasts

Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region in western Uzbekistan, attracts visitors with the striking landscapes of the Aral Sea, the Ustyurt Plateau, and ancient fortresses nestled in the desert. Among its highlights is the Savitsky Museum (also known as the Nukus Museum of Art), located in the regional capital of Nukus. The museum houses an extensive collection of Russian avant-garde art, preserved in secrecy during Soviet times. Its founder, Igor Savitsky, was a passionate art collector who safeguarded around 100,000 artworks, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of the region. 

Travel tip: The train journey from Tashkent to Nukus can exceed 20 hours; many visitors prefer to fly to make the most of their sightseeing time.

4. Ichan Kala, Khiva

Ideal for a journey back in time

The city of Khiva, an open-air museum, was once the capital of the Khorezm Shakhs and later became the center of the Khiva Khanate, preserving its unique language, traditions, and culture. The captivating Ichan Kala, meaning 'inner city,' serves as the fortress at the heart of Khiva, housing most of its architectural wonders. Explore the serene Juma Mosque, the Tosh-Hovli Palace (which includes the ruler's harem quarters), and the Kalta Minor minaret to experience the majesty and peace of Central Asia during the Middle Ages.

Many historic structures have been converted into boutique hotels, providing a unique experience of staying in rooms rich with medieval character while enjoying modern amenities like air conditioning and hot showers. Engage with Khiva's culture by participating in various classes, from traditional bread baking to lively Khorezm dance lessons.

5. Margilan

Ideal for enthusiasts of traditional art

Transitioning from historical sites to artistic hubs, Margilan in the Fergana Valley offers a wonderful opportunity to explore the heritage of ikat fabric, a textile weaving method that incorporates pre-dyed designs into the fibers. This distinctive technique has emerged independently across various cultures, including Indonesia, Japan, India, and Latin America, but it gained particular fame along the Silk Road for the exceptional quality and diversity of Uzbek ikat fabrics made from silk, cotton, and velvet.

Margilan is a charming town where visitors can interact with long-standing artisans at the Yodgorlik Silk Factory, meet contemporary weavers at local craft centers, or simply relish the vibrant atmosphere of the local farmers market and the relaxed lifestyle of this predominantly agricultural community.

Travel tip: Margilan has been a key center for silk production since the Silk Road era; it's easily accessible via shared taxi from Fergana or train from Tashkent. Plan your visit on Thursdays or Sundays to enjoy the local market.

6. Rishtan

Perfect for ceramic enthusiasts

Few cities in the world boast as many ceramic artists as Rishtan. Upon entering the town, you'll notice pottery for sale lining both sides of the main road, but hold off on buying just yet; you'll discover higher-quality and more authentic pieces in the workshops of local artisans.

Rishtan gained acclaim for its glazed ceramics over a millennium ago, thanks to its exceptional soil, which is the richest source of terracotta clay in the area. The studios of Alister Nazirov and Rustam Usmanov are well-known for maintaining and promoting ancient Uzbek ceramic techniques. Additionally, the city features many talented artisans and ceramic centers catering to various preferences and budgets.

7. Tashkent

Ideal for urban explorers

The capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, serves not just as an entryway into the country but also as a vibrant and intriguing destination in its own right. With its stunning Islamic architecture, lively streets, art and history museums, theaters, and a diverse culinary scene, it offers a modern, cosmopolitan atmosphere.

Begin your journey at Amir Timur Square in the city center, where you can explore the Amir Timur Museum, admire the monument of Amir Timur, and check out the Tashkent clock tower, which features two unique restaurants. Don’t miss the iconic Soviet-era structure, the Hotel Uzbekistan.

Close by, Broadway Street comes alive in the evenings with its colorful array of souvenir shops, street food, and entertainment. A short distance to the west, Tashkent City Park is packed with activities, including an aquarium, planetarium, dancing fountains, and live performances, along with various restaurants, modern hotels, shopping centers, and an open-air cinema. For a shopping adventure, visit the expansive Chorsu Bazaar, the city’s most beloved marketplace, or explore the Navruz Ethnopark for traditional attire, local crafts, and authentic Uzbek cuisine.

8. Konigil Village

Perfect for a quick crafts experience

Located on the outskirts of Samarkand, Konigil Village is a charming spot to delve into local crafts all in one location. At the Meros Paper Mill, you can witness the creation of traditional silk paper, along with other local crafts like vegetable oil, ceramics, and carpets. The village also offers opportunities to taste local cuisine and features a small guest house nestled near the serene, tree-lined Siab River. Here, time seems to slow down, making it an ideal retreat for a few hours or more.

9. Zaamin National Park

Ideal getaway for nature enthusiasts

Nestled among Uzbekistan's stunning mountain ranges, Zaamin National Park is cherished by locals for its pristine natural beauty. Until recently, this scenic gem east of Samarkand remained largely undiscovered by international travelers, though it has long been a favorite among residents. The air in Zaamin is reputed to possess healing qualities, and its untouched nature rivals that of Switzerland.

Home to a diverse array of unique wildlife, including black storks, black bears, lynx, and snow leopards, the park's welcoming locals add to its charm. Visitors can explore a picturesque reservoir and numerous hiking trails, making it a popular destination year-round, whether for summer adventures or winter escapes, and hosts the Zaamin Ultramarathon each June.