Top Ways to Navigate Egypt

Egypt boasts a comprehensive and relatively efficient overland transportation network. If your journey centers on the Nile, the lush palm-fringed landscapes are just as captivating as the destinations themselves.

Though flying to major cities in Egypt is an option, opting for overland travel via train, bus, or boat can help lessen your carbon footprint.

Travel by Train Through Egypt's Nile Valley and Mediterranean Coast

The train offers the easiest way to journey through the Nile Valley, connecting Cairo with Luxor and Aswan in the south, as well as Alexandria in the north.

Both the 'Special Service' and the more budget-friendly 'Speed AC Spanish' trains feature comfortable first- and second-class air-conditioned coaches. While 'Special Service' trains use newer rolling stock and are pricier, the amenities remain comparable.

Departing from Cairo, the 8 AM train provides the most picturesque journey up the Nile, taking 14.5 hours to reach Aswan. Conversely, for scenic views on the return trip, consider the 5:30 AM and 7:30 AM departures from Aswan or the 8:40 AM (9.5 hours) and 9:10 AM (10.5 hours) trains from Luxor. You can find selected train schedules on the Egyptian Railways website, although it's known for technical issues and lacks an online booking service for international travelers. Booking tickets in person at the station is recommended.

Egypt also offers overnight sleeper trains operated by Abela Trains. These trains run nightly between Cairo and both Luxor and Aswan, providing a comfortable travel option.

Sadly, Egypt's railway system experiences a higher accident rate compared to many other nations, but the government is taking steps to modernize the infrastructure following several tragic incidents.

Embark on a Nile Cruise

There’s no better way to integrate travel into your adventure than by taking a Nile cruise. The most favored route runs between Luxor and Aswan, offering options that cater to every budget and comfort level.

Large cruise ships stop at significant ancient landmarks along the route.

Cruise vessels generally turn the Luxor–Aswan segment into a three-night journey, including visits to Edfu’s Temple of Horus and Kom Ombo Temple. This option requires minimal effort—simply board the boat, and all arrangements are handled for you. However, be prepared to spend less time cruising than anticipated, as visits are often crowded.

You can often find better cruise deals by booking after arriving in Egypt, but if you have your heart set on a specific boat for a particular date, it's wise to book in advance.

Dahabiyyas provide a more intimate cruise experience.

Dahabiyyas, the traditional sailing vessels for 19th-century travelers, now offer a more personalized alternative to large cruisers, accommodating just 10 to 20 passengers. Their itineraries run between Esna and Aswan, including stops at local villages and pharaonic sites that larger boats often overlook.

Due to limited availability, it's advisable to book dahabiyas in advance. Consider options like Nile Dahabiya or Nour El Nil.

Overnight felucca excursions launch from Aswan.

For an intimate Nile experience, enjoy sleeping under the stars on a felucca (an open-top sailing boat). These overnight trips start in Aswan, with durations of three nights to Esna, two nights to Edfu, or one night to Kom Ombo. However, be prepared for possible delays due to changing winds and weather conditions.

You can arrange felucca trips directly in Aswan, but this might take a day or two. If you're short on time, consider prebooking with reputable operators like Captain Jamaica or Aswan Individual.

Taxis offer a convenient alternative to group tours for day excursions.

Most taxi drivers, including those hired through hotels, are eager to take you on day trips, whether to Saqqara from Cairo or to the Temples of Abu Simbel from Aswan.

In the Sinai, where public transport is lacking between the resort towns and St. Katherine in the mountains, taxis provide a solid alternative to group tours.

For trips outside the city, make sure to negotiate the fare with the driver in advance.

Buses connect towns that are off the Nile.

For reaching towns away from the Nile, buses are the most reliable public transport option. They operate frequently between major travel destinations, with several departures daily on key routes. If you're planning a trip to the Western Desert oases, note that the West & Mid Delta Bus Company is the only operator, offering just a few departures each day, so be sure to plan accordingly.

The air-conditioned coach-style buses can feel a bit cramped, especially for taller passengers on long trips. However, the “deluxe” services provided by Go Bus offer more legroom. Go Bus also features a user-friendly website with English schedules and booking options, making it the preferred choice for travelers who don't speak Arabic.

Microbuses, or micros (14-seater minibuses), cover more routes than larger buses and are handy for shorter trips. Unlike the big buses, they operate without fixed schedules and depart only when full. Keep in mind that micros can be crowded and are known for their fast driving.

Transportation options that cater to accessibility are limited in Egypt.

Public transport in Egypt is not very accessible. Buses and trains feature high steps, while micros are often cramped and unsuitable. However, improvements are underway. The Egyptian National Railways plans to implement ramp access at stations, provide dedicated ticket counters for disabled travelers, and create designated seating on trains. Nevertheless, these changes will take time to be fully realized.

For individuals with mobility challenges, hiring a private driver is the most practical and cost-effective option in Egypt. For those needing wheelchair-accessible transportation, consider booking a private tour. The Nile cruiser M/S Amarco has been entirely renovated to be accessible, featuring lift access to all decks and four cabins designed for wheelchair users.