A beginner's guide to Svalbard

Embarking on your first trip to Svalbard might feel overwhelming—situated halfway between Norway and the North Pole, this isolated Norwegian island features an extreme climate, glaciers, and polar bears. Coupled with its distinctive regulations, Svalbard can seem quite detached from the rest of the globe.

The Svalbard archipelago includes three main islands: Spitsbergen, Edgeøya, and Nordaustlandet. Most tourism occurs on Spitsbergen, particularly in the settlement of Longyearbyen. While traditional hotels dominate accommodations, there are also a few hostel options and self-catering apartments available near Longyearbyen.

Here’s what you should know for your first visit to Svalbard.

Reasons to explore Svalbard

If you’ve ever fantasized about waking up to a vista of glistening glaciers beneath a sun that never dips below the horizon, or dog-sledding under the mesmerizing northern lights, then Svalbard is your perfect getaway. Easily reachable from mainland Norway, this archipelago offers a genuine sense of adventure, with its main settlement, Longyearbyen, standing as a frontier outpost at the edge of one of the planet's most stunning and harsh wildernesses.

For those captivated by the polar north, Svalbard deserves a spot on your travel list—realistically, it’s the furthest north most of us will ever venture. Bundle up and immerse yourself in the wild terrain. Summer is ideal for wildlife watching and glacier-spotting cruises or kayaking, or you can opt for a hike with appropriate safety measures (don’t forget, this is polar bear territory). Snowmobiling or dog-sledding is an option year-round.

While the wilderness and wildlife are the main attractions, there are conventional sights to enjoy as well. Regrettably, visiting Svalbard's incredible Global Seed Vault requires special permission, so you’ll need to settle for a photo from a distance. The intriguing Svalbard Museum is definitely worth a few hours of your time, showcasing the history of whalers, trappers, and miners who once inhabited the region.

For a unique experience, visit Svalbard Bryggeri, the world’s northernmost brewery. A tour with tastings is available for 429 NOK, which you can book ahead of time. If you can’t visit the brewery, you can find their beers in local grocery stores.

Do I need a visa to enter Svalbard?

You won’t need a visa specifically for Svalbard, but since you’ll likely transit through mainland Norway, a Norwegian visa is required for that leg of the journey.

Interestingly, no visa is necessary even for employment here! If your visit leaves you enchanted and you wish to settle down, anyone can immigrate regardless of nationality—you just need to secure a job and housing before arrival.

How do I reach Svalbard?

Both Norwegian Air and SAS operate flights from Oslo to Longyearbyen, providing options for travel almost every day. Additionally, you can catch a flight from Tromsø. Keep in mind that even if your itinerary states a direct flight from Oslo, it might make a stop in Tromsø, where you’ll need to disembark for passport control.

If you’re connecting directly to Svalbard through Oslo airport, make sure to verify whether you require a Schengen visa for Norway, as Svalbard itself is not included in the Schengen area.

The optimal time to visit Svalbard

Most travelers flock to Svalbard during the summer months (May to September). As the snow begins to melt in May, it becomes easier to navigate the landscape, and tourism peaks with increased flights from Oslo and more cruise ships arriving in Longyearbyen.

This period is also ideal for observing wildlife. Visit in June for a good chance to see walruses, polar bears, and even whales during cruises. You’ll enjoy nearly 24 hours of daylight until late August when the sun starts to set again. Overall, summer visits offer a more accessible experience.

However, Svalbard is designed for adventurous spirits, and many are attracted to its endless polar nights. From late October to February, the sun vanishes completely, but activities like snowmobiling and dog sledding are still available, along with opportunities to see the northern lights. Just remember to pack appropriately, as winter temperatures can plunge to −20°C (−4°F).

Is getting around Svalbard easy?

Public transportation in Svalbard is nearly nonexistent, aside from the shuttle bus service between the airport and Longyearbyen. The ride only takes a few minutes, and the bus schedule aligns with all flights, taking you directly to your lodging. A round-trip ticket costs 170 NOK.

When venturing out of Longyearbyen, you're likely to be accompanied by a tour guide. Most visitors embark on guided excursions that typically include transportation to and from their accommodations. These tours can lead you to ice caves, fjords, and the working mining community of Barentsburg, showcasing the industry that has shaped Svalbard. In winter, there are also northern lights tours available.

Arctic Autorent is the largest car rental agency in Svalbard, with an office located at the airport. You can reserve a vehicle online in advance, with prices starting at 1090 NOK per day. However, keep in mind that road access is limited beyond Longyearbyen; you won't be able to drive to other towns like Barentsburg or Ny-Ålesund. There are two taxi services available in town, so be sure to book ahead if you need a ride.

The most prevalent mode of transportation you'll encounter in Svalbard is the snowmobile; it's common to see one (or more) parked outside nearly every residence. Numerous tour operators can arrange snowmobile rentals if you wish to drive one yourself, with electric models often on offer.

Don’t let the Arctic weather deter you from exploring Longyearbyen on foot— the locals certainly don’t! Using crampons on your shoes can make this a much easier experience.

Safety guidelines when departing Longyearbyen

As you near the outskirts of Longyearbyen, you'll spot distinctive road signs featuring a polar bear. Once you pass these signs, you'll need to adopt safety measures in case you come across a polar bear.

At the very least, you should carry equipment designed to deter polar bears, such as a flare gun equipped with several flares. However, having a rifle—along with the appropriate firearms safety training—is even safer. If you’re part of an organized tour, your guide will handle all safety protocols and possess the necessary gear.

It's always advisable to have a professional guide accompany you whenever you venture beyond the town limits. If you intend to explore independently, you must thoroughly familiarize yourself with the comprehensive safety guidelines and regulations from the Governor's office well in advance. Ensure you either bring or rent essential equipment, including an emergency beacon, map, and compass—and be confident in your ability to use them. You must also inform the Governor's office about your trip ahead of time.

Don't forget your cozy socks!

Leave your old, worn-out socks behind, as you'll often be barefoot in Svalbard! Due to its coal mining history, workers traditionally removed their boots at the door to prevent black dust from spreading indoors. While coal mining is on the decline, this custom persists; you’ll need to take off your shoes in accommodations and at restaurants and bars (though it's not required in shops).

Most places to stay will provide slippers, but you might want to bring your own for added comfort. At the very least, make sure to pack some warm, quality socks.

Tips for staying healthy in Svalbard

If you're arriving from a milder climate, you might find Svalbard's conditions quite extreme, even in summer. You may experience disruptions to your sleep; 24-hour daylight can make it hard to relax, while the continuous darkness in winter can complicate waking up at the right time.

Except during the peak of summer, when temperatures can reach a comfortable 10°C (50°F), you should expect very cold weather. Using a heavy-duty moisturizer and lip balm can shield your skin from dryness. Applying a thin layer of Vaseline just inside your nostrils can help protect your sinuses from the harsh, dry air.

In summer, a quality eye mask is crucial, and taking a supplement like melatonin may assist you in falling asleep at the appropriate time. Aim to stick to a consistent sleep routine, and consider using black-out curtains for a few hours before you try to sleep. If you struggle to get rest, don’t fret—the sun will likely provide enough energy during the day to keep you active, even if mornings feel tough at first.

Ways to protect Svalbard's landscape while exploring

While exploring any natural area requires caution, Svalbard has even stricter regulations due to the delicate High Arctic ecosystem. Avoid disturbing wildlife, and be aware of restricted zones for vehicles and snowmobiles if venturing out on your own. It is illegal to bait or chase polar bears for both their protection and your safety. Additionally, be mindful of rabies, which can be carried by reindeer and Arctic foxes.

During summer visits to Svalbard, refrain from picking flowers. Also, ensure you don’t leave any traces of your visit behind, such as litter or waste.

Essentials to pack for the weather in Svalbard

Here’s a packing checklist to ensure you’re ready for all the adventures Svalbard has to offer.

• Long wool base layers

• Woolen socks and gloves

• Fleece mid-layer

• Outer windproof jacket

• Waterproof footwear

• Cozy slippers

• Comfortable clothing for indoors

• A camera with a telephoto lens

You’ll also need some additional seasonal gear. In winter, pack a down jacket, crampons for your boots, a headlamp, and a reflective vest. In summer, don’t forget high-SPF sunscreen, quality sunglasses, and an eye mask.

What’s the budget I need for Svalbard?

Svalbard can be quite pricey, especially since most visitors fill their itineraries with expensive activities. However, if you’re not planning an intense multi-day hike across the islands, you can see the main attractions within a short stay of two to three days.

Living expenses in Svalbard are comparable to other Scandinavian locations. As all food must be imported, meal costs can be high, but this is somewhat balanced by the absence of VAT. Interestingly, if you need outdoor gear or clothing, it may actually be cheaper here than in mainland Norway.

Typical daily expenses in Svalbard include:

• Hostel accommodation – 1000–1900 NOK

• Standard double room – 1900–3100 NOK

• Self-catering apartment (including Airbnb) - 1500–3000 NOK

• Coffee – 40 NOK

• Meal for two – starting at 300 NOK for pizza, up to 900 NOK for steaks

• A pint of beer at a bar – 80 NOK

Continue planning your adventure in Norway:

Craft the vacation of your dreams with the top activities in Norway Explore Norway's stunning fjords and islands using this useful guide Essential tips for hunting the northern lights

AnneMarie visited Svalbard at the invitation of Volvo Penta. The staff at Dinogo Planet do not accept complimentary services in exchange for favorable coverage.