Top 10 Must-Visit Destinations in Türkiye

Istanbul's vibrant culture, the surreal landscapes of Cappadocia, the ancient site of Ephesus, and the stunning coastlines of the Mediterranean and Aegean are some of Türkiye's main attractions, yet every region has its unique charm.

The variety of natural beauty, historical heritage, and rich culinary traditions will astonish those who have only experienced beach resorts. While Türkiye is easy to navigate, the vast array of sights and activities makes it impossible to explore everything in one visit. Since most domestic flights connect through Istanbul, be sure to spend a few days in this vibrant global city before venturing to other top spots in Türkiye.

1. Istanbul

Ideal for exploring ancient landmarks and vibrant neighborhoods

As one of the world's most remarkable cities, Istanbul is a must for any traveler. Iconic attractions like the magnificent Byzantine basilica Aya Sofya (commonly known as Hagia Sophia) and the opulent Topkapı Palace, once home to Ottoman sultans, highlight the city’s rich history as the center of powerful empires.

However, take the time to embrace modern-day Istanbul as well. Enjoy cafe and bar hopping in the trendy Kadıköy district, explore the charming streets of the more traditional Fatih, or delve into contemporary art in Beyoğlu. Don't miss the joy of sipping çay (tea) on a ferry while soaking in breathtaking city views.

Travel tip: You could easily fill your entire holiday in Istanbul, but if possible, make time to venture beyond the city for more Turkish wonders.

2. Cappadocia

Perfect for its extraordinary terrain

Cappadocia is a geological marvel situated in central Türkiye. The rich history of early Christians in Anatolia unfolds at the Göreme Open-Air Museum and other cave churches, alongside the fascinating underground cities peppered throughout the valley. Romantic moments await in charming cave hotels and eateries, complemented by sunrise balloon rides with a celebratory champagne toast. Thrill-seekers can explore the lush valleys and rolling rocks through hiking, mountain biking, and trail running.

3. Turquoise Coast

Ideal for history enthusiasts and beachgoers

Indeed, Türkiye's Mediterranean coastline stretching from Fethiye to Antalya is replete with stunning spots for sun, sea, and sand getaways, yet it's also rich in traces of ancient civilizations that once thrived here. The coastal ruins of Patara (which features one of Türkiye's premier beaches) and Phaselis are particularly charming, while the rock tombs of Myra are awe-inspiring. The Antalya Museum provides excellent insights into the area's history. Discover by sea on a gület cruise, hike the Lycian Way trail, or enjoy a drive along the scenic (albeit winding!) coastal roads.

4. Eastern Black Sea and Kaçkar Mountains

Ideal for experiencing rural traditions

While the chilly waters of the Black Sea may not seem inviting, the lush green valleys that cascade down from towering peaks reveal the region's allure. The lower altitudes are the heart of Türkiye's tea and hazelnut production, while the high plateaus (yaylalar) like Pokut, once used for summer livestock grazing, are gaining popularity among tourists seeking breathtaking views and a taste of authentic Black Sea culture and cuisine. Higher up, the Kaçkar Mountains offer stunning trekking opportunities in the summer for seasoned hikers.

Tip for planning: Trabzon, featuring the cliffside Sumela Monastery, serves as the region's primary air travel hub.

5. Southeastern Anatolia

Ideal for experiencing culture and cuisine

The often-overlooked southeastern Anatolia region stands out as a cultural and culinary gem of Türkiye. Cities like Gaziantep and Antakya (Hatay) are celebrated for their exceptional cuisine and feature museums with stunning collections of Roman mosaics. Mardin boasts a beautifully preserved old town, serving as an excellent base for exploring nearby monasteries and Roman ruins. Just outside of Şanlıurfa lies Göbeklitepe, the world’s oldest religious site, alongside its own notable archaeology museum and bazaar.

6. Datça and Bozburun peninsulas

Ideal for unwinding

For a tranquil retreat and a connection to nature, the secluded Datça and Bozburun peninsulas in the southern Aegean are perfect. Unlike the vibrant nightlife found in nearby Bodrum and Marmaris, here you’ll discover miles of rugged coastline, charming rural villages, and serene beach resorts and coastal towns.

Tip for planning: The long-distance hiking path known as the Carian Trail loops around both peninsulas. Be sure to check access conditions beforehand, as some areas were affected by wildfire damage in summer 2021.

7. Türkiye's far east

Ideal for breathtaking natural scenery

The expansive terrains of Türkiye's far east offer a remote ruggedness that is unlike any other region in the country. Best known to travelers as the final stop of the scenic Doğu Ekpresi (Eastern Express), an overnight train journey from Ankara, the border city of Kars boasts striking architecture from its time as a Russian outpost in the 1800s. Close by, you'll find the extensive and evocative UNESCO-listed remains of Ani, an ancient Armenian capital.

A three-hour drive south leads you to the secluded İshak Paşa Palace, with the legendary Mt Ararat (Ağrı Dağı) visible along the way. Upon reaching Van, indulge in one of the city's renowned elaborate breakfast spreads, visit the local museum, and embark on a day trip to Akdamar Kilisesi, a beautifully adorned Armenian church and monastery located on a small island in Lake Van.

8. Gallipoli and the North Aegean

Ideal for WWI history and the legendary Troy

Cemeteries honoring the countless soldiers who lost their lives in the fierce battles of WWI on the Gallipoli Peninsula dot the tranquil, rolling hills, creating a poignant contrast against the serene beauty of the landscapes.

This region also serves as the gateway to Türkiye's North Aegean coast, offering a more laid-back alternative to the Mediterranean. Here, you can leisurely explore charming seaside towns like Ayvalık and Foça, visit the island wineries of Bozcaada, discover the ancient city of Troy (featuring a remarkable museum), and admire the stunning hilltop acropolis of Bergama.

9. Safranbolu

Best for Ottoman charm

Safranbolu, named after the saffron that was cultivated and traded here for centuries, is a favorite among visitors who wish to immerse themselves in its historic Ottoman ambiance. Many of the town’s charming wooden mansions have been beautifully restored and transformed into delightful boutique hotels, cafes, and restaurants.

Planning tip: If it starts feeling a bit too quaint, the nearby Yenice Forest, with its canyons, waterfalls, and woodlands, offers a refreshing natural escape.

10. Pamukkale

Best for its historic spa

The striking white terraces of Pamukkale are undoubtedly among the most photographed sights in Türkiye, appearing like a blanket of freshly fallen snow over the surrounding countryside. The warm mineral waters that cascade through these formations gave rise to the ancient spa city of Hierapolis, whose extensive ruins lie adjacent to the famous travertines on the hilltop.

Planning tip: Pamukkale also serves as an excellent base for exploring other ancient sites in the vicinity, such as Laodicea, Tripolis, and – most notably – the stunning remnants of Afrodisias, home to an impressive array of Roman marble sculptures.